A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a graduating nurse about fluid volume deficit. Which of the following concepts about water balance should the nurse explain to the graduating nurse?

The intracellular space contains most of the body's water.

A fluid volume deficit inhibits baroreceptors.

When the body loses water, the intravascular space experiences the water loss.

A negative fluid balance occurs when the body takes in more water than the body needs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. The intracellular space contains most of the body's water: While it is true that the intracellular space holds the majority of the body's water, this statement does not specifically relate to the concept of fluid volume deficit or how the body responds to it.

B. A fluid volume deficit inhibits baroreceptors: In fact, fluid volume deficit activates baroreceptors due to reduced blood pressure, leading to compensatory mechanisms like increased heart rate and vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure.

C. When the body loses water, the intravascular space experiences the water loss: This statement accurately describes the process during fluid volume deficit. The intravascular space loses water, leading to decreased blood volume, which can result in symptoms like hypotension and reduced tissue perfusion.

D. A negative fluid balance occurs when the body takes in more water than the body needs: This statement is incorrect; a negative fluid balance occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in, leading to dehydration or fluid volume deficit.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hyperventilation: Respiratory alkalosis is typically caused by hyperventilation, which leads to excessive loss of carbon dioxide and an increase in blood pH. This is a primary finding in respiratory alkalosis.

B. Abdominal pain: While abdominal pain can occur in various conditions, it is not a specific or common finding associated with respiratory alkalosis.

C. Dry skin: Dry skin is not a direct manifestation of respiratory alkalosis. It is not typically associated with the changes in acid-base balance seen in respiratory alkalosis.

D. Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis. Instead, gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea are more commonly related to metabolic acidosis or other conditions.

A. The client is producing large amounts of clear, watery nasal discharge and experiencing postnasal drip. B. The client has a history of both tension and vascular headaches and takes prescription migraine medication as needed. C. The client has nasal congestion that does not significantly improve with over-the-counter decongestants or antihistamines. D. The client regularly uses saline-based nasal washes and a humidifier to clean and moisturize their sinuses.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The client is producing large amounts of clear, watery nasal discharge and experiencing postnasal drip: Clear, watery nasal discharge is more indicative of allergic rhinitis rather than sinusitis, which typically presents with thicker, purulent discharge.

B. The client has a history of both tension and vascular headaches and takes prescription migraine medication as needed: While headaches can accompany sinusitis, this option does not directly address symptoms specific to sinusitis, such as nasal congestion or facial pressure.

C. The client has nasal congestion that does not significantly improve with over-the-counter decongestants or antihistamines: Persistent nasal congestion despite the use of decongestants or antihistamines is a common symptom of sinusitis, indicating that the source of the problem may be inflammation or infection in the sinuses.

D.The client regularly uses saline-based nasal washes and a humidifier to clean and moisturize their sinuses: Regular use of these measures suggests the client is taking preventive care of their sinuses but does not necessarily indicate sinusitis.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a graduating nurse about fluid volume deficit. Which of the following concepts about water balance should the nurse explain to the graduating nurse?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing care to a client who reports facial pain, including dental pain in the upper teeth. Which of the following additional symptoms would lead the nurse to suspect sinusitis as the source of the pain?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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