Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

Chronic cough

Sputum production

Dyspnea

Wheezing

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

Choice A Reason:

Chronic cough is correct. Persistent cough is a common symptom of COPD, often occurring due to irritation and inflammation in the airways.

Choice B Reason:

Sputum production is correct. COPD patients frequently experience increased mucus production, leading to coughing up phlegm or sputum, especially in the morning.

Choice C Reason:

Dyspnea is correct. Shortness of breath or dyspnea is a hallmark symptom of COPD, particularly during physical activity or exertion, and it tends to worsen as the disease progresses.

Choice D Reason:

Wheezing occurs due to narrowed airways and increased airway resistance. It is more noticeable during expiration but can also be present during inspiration in severe cases.

Choice E Reason:

Chest tightness is incorrect. While chest tightness can occur in COPD, it is typically more associated with asthma. However, some individuals with COPD may experience chest tightness, especially during exacerbations or when airflow is significantly limited.

Nursing Test Bank

Test Bank #1: RN Pharmacology Exams Test Bank #2: RN Medical-Surgical Exams Test Bank #3: RN Fundamentals Exams Test Bank #4: RN Maternal-Newborn Exams Test Bank #5: RN Anatomy and Physiology Exams Test Bank #6: RN Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Test Bank #7: RN Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Test Bank #9: RN Adult Health Test Bank #10: RN Dosage Calculation Test Bank #11: RN Community Health Exams Test Bank #12: RN Psychology Exams Test Bank #13: RN Nursing Care Of Children Test Bank #14: RN Foundations of Nursing Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Exam #1: RN Comprehensive predictor 2023 proctored exam Exam #2: Ati rn vati comprehensive predictor proctored exam Exam #3: Ati Rn Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam 2023 Exam #4: Rn Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Proctored Exam - St. Joseph Exam #5: RN Comprehensive Predictor Proctored Exam (National U CA San Diego) Exam #6: Ati rn comprehensive predictor 2023 retake proctored exam Exam #7: RN Hesi Exit Proctored Exam Exam #8: Hesi RN Exit proctored exam Exam #9: Hesi rn exit proctored exam Exam #10: Hesi Rn compass exit B proctored exam

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Dulaglutide is inappropriate. Dulaglutide is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes by improving blood sugar control. It is not indicated for the management of neurogenic bladder or urinary incontinence.

Choice B Reason:

Montelukast sodium is inappropriate. Montelukast sodium is a medication primarily used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis by blocking leukotrienes, which are inflammatory substances that contribute to asthma and allergy symptoms. It is not indicated for the management of neurogenic bladder or urinary incontinence.

Choice C Reason:

Glatiramer acetate is inappropriate. Glatiramer acetate is a medication used to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) by modulating the immune system. It is not indicated for the management of neurogenic bladder or urinary incontinence.

Choice D Reason:

Oxybutynin is appropriate. Oxybutynin is a medication commonly prescribed for the management of neurogenic bladder and urinary incontinence. It belongs to a class of medications called anticholinergics, which work by relaxing the bladder muscles and reducing bladder spasms. Oxybutynin helps control urinary urgency, frequency, and incontinence associated with neurogenic bladder, including spasm-induced incontinence.

A. Hypoxemia due to dead space B. Impaired carbon dioxide elimination due to shunting C. Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch D. Decreased pulmonary compliance due to stiffness

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Hypoxemia due to dead space is not appropriate. Dead space refers to areas of the lung where ventilation occurs but no perfusion takes place. In ARDS, hypoxemia typically occurs due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch and shunting rather than dead space.

Choice B Reason:

Impaired carbon dioxide elimination due to shunting is not appropriate. Shunting occurs when blood bypasses ventilated alveoli, leading to inadequate gas exchange. In ARDS, shunting contributes to hypoxemia, but it doesn't directly impair carbon dioxide elimination.

Choice C Reason:

Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure due to ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch is incorrect. V/Q mismatch occurs when ventilation and perfusion are mismatched in different areas of the lung. This leads to areas of low ventilation (dead space) and areas of low perfusion (shunting). V/Q mismatch contributes to hypoxemia in ARDS but does not typically lead to decreased pulmonary arterial pressure.

Choice D Reason:

Decreased pulmonary compliance due to stiffness is correct. This is a characteristic feature of ARDS. The inflammation and damage to the alveoli cause them to become stiff, reducing pulmonary compliance and impairing lung expansion during ventilation.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Which of the following are the most common manifestations of COPD? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a spinal cord injury and spasm-induced incontinence. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate a prescription for?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a spinal cord injury at the first thoracic level. Which of the following should the nurse recognize can trigger autonomic dysreflexia? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a middle-aged client who was admitted following a stroke. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a modifiable risk factor for stroke?

A nurse is caring for a group of clients in a medical unit. Which of the following clients is at the highest risk for developing osmotic cerebral edema?

A nurse is assessing a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?

A nurse is assessing a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports that, since the onset of the disease, there are times when their symptoms are active and then followed by a period with no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?

A nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about populations at higher risk for multiple sclerosis. Which of the following demographics should be included in the teaching? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has a spinal cord injury and spasm-induced incontinence. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate a prescription for?