A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

If he misses a dose, he should double the dose at the next scheduled time.

The client should use an electric razor while on this medication.

Mild nosebleeds are common during initial treatment.

Warfarin increases the risk for deep vein thrombosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. If he misses a dose, he should double the dose at the next scheduled time: This statement is incorrect. Doubling the dose of warfarin after missing a dose can significantly increase the risk of bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation. The nurse should emphasize the importance of taking the medication as prescribed and what to do if a dose is missed, such as contacting the healthcare provider for guidance.

B. The client should use an electric razor while on this medication: This statement is correct. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that can increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, it's essential for patients taking warfarin to avoid activities that may increase the risk of injury or bleeding, such as shaving with a traditional razor that can cause cuts or nicks. Using an electric razor reduces this risk.

C. Mild nosebleeds are common during initial treatment: This statement is not entirely accurate. While warfarin can increase the risk of bleeding, including nosebleeds, it's not necessarily common during the initial treatment phase. However, patients should be aware of signs of bleeding and report them to their healthcare provider promptly.

D. Warfarin increases the risk for deep vein thrombosis: This statement is incorrect. Warfarin is actually prescribed to reduce the risk of blood clots, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), and stroke, in patients who are at risk for these conditions. It works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. Therefore, it does not increase the risk of DVT; rather, it decreases it.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Vitamin K: Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin, not heparin. Warfarin works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver. Therefore, vitamin K is used to reverse the effects of warfarin in cases of over-anticoagulation. It does not reverse the effects of heparin.

B. Deferoxamine: Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to treat iron toxicity and aluminum overload. It is not indicated for reversing the effects of heparin.

C. Acetylcysteine: Acetylcysteine is used as an antidote for acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose. It is not indicated for reversing the effects of heparin.

D. Protamine sulfate: This is the correct answer. Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin. It works by binding to heparin to form a stable complex, thereby neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Protamine sulfate is commonly used in clinical practice to reverse the effects of heparin in situations such as hemorrhage or when rapid reversal of anticoagulation is needed, such as before surgery.

A. May improve cardiac function B. May reduce pain and inflammation C. Helps promote a healthy immune system D. Reduces blood pressure and the risk for stroke

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. May improve cardiac function: This statement avoids claiming to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent disease. It uses general language about supporting heart health, which is permissible.

B. May reduce pain and inflammation: Similar to option A, this statement avoids disease claims and uses general terms about pain and inflammation, which is allowed.

C. Helps promote a healthy immune system: This follows the same principle. It avoids disease claims and uses general language regarding the immune system.

D. Reduces blood pressure and the risk for stroke: This statement specifically mentions a disease (stroke) and claims to reduce its risk. Dietary supplement labels are not allowed to make disease claims. They can only make general claims about supporting bodily functions.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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