A nurse is reinforcing education to a newly licensed nurse about comorbidities associated with cluster B personality disorders. The nurse should identify which of the following disorders as a comorbidity?

A. Fluoxetine. Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. It does not alleviate tardive dyskinesia symptoms and is not indicated for managing extrapyramidal side effects.
B. Diphenhydramine. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that can help with acute dystonic reactions due to its anticholinergic effects, but it does not treat tardive dyskinesia. Long-term use may even worsen movement disorders.
C. Naloxone. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose. It has no effect on tardive dyskinesia, as this condition is related to prolonged dopamine receptor blockade rather than opioid activity.
D. Valbenazine. Valbenazine is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor specifically approved for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. It helps regulate dopamine release and reduces involuntary movements associated with the condition.

A. "Do you think of yourself as more of an introvert? That makes a difference with how you socialize." Social withdrawal in schizophrenia is not related to personality traits like introversion. It is often an early symptom of the disorder, preceding more pronounced psychotic features. Focusing on introversion may mislead the client and overlook the underlying pathology.
B. "Before symptoms of schizophrenia begin, people often isolate themselves. This is an early warning." Social withdrawal is a common early sign of schizophrenia, occurring during the prodromal phase. Individuals may withdraw due to subtle cognitive changes, emotional blunting, or emerging paranoid thoughts. Recognizing these early symptoms can aid in early intervention and treatment.
C. "Were you avoiding your friend so that you could hear the voices more clearly?" This statement assumes the client was already experiencing auditory hallucinations, which is not always the case. Social isolation often predates the onset of hallucinations and delusions, making this explanation inaccurate. It may also come across as dismissive rather than informative.
D. "That is very interesting, We are not sure why people start to isolate themselves." While the exact cause of social withdrawal in schizophrenia is not fully understood, research indicates it is an early warning sign. Providing vague or uncertain information may leave the client feeling confused rather than supported in understanding their condition.