A nurse is caring for a client who has been brought into an emergency department of a large hospital. The client's family state that the client "took some kind of drugs." The client is dizzy, has recently vomited, and is experiencing paranoia, yelling, "Stay away from me! You are going to kill me!" The client alternates yelling with mumbling and gesturing. Their eyes are darting back and forth as they are talking to the wall. The nurse should suspect the client has used which of the following substances?
Anabolic steroids
Opioids
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
The Correct Answer is D
D. The client's symptoms, including paranoia, perceptual disturbances (such as seeing things that aren't there), erratic behavior, and disorientation, are consistent with the effects of hallucinogens. Hallucinogens are a class of drugs that alter perception, mood, and cognitive processes.
A. Anabolic steroids are synthetic variations of the male sex hormone testosterone. They are primarily used to promote muscle growth and enhance athletic performance.
B Opioids are a class of drugs that include prescription pain relievers, such as oxycodone and morphine, as well as illegal drugs like heroin.
C. Stimulants, such as cocaine and amphetamines, can cause symptoms such as paranoia, agitation, and hallucinations, particularly at high doses or with chronic use. However, the client's symptoms of darting eyes, paranoia, yelling, mumbling, and gesturing are more suggestive of hallucinogen use rather than stimulant use.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D. FNSD involves neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by a medical or neurological condition but are believed to be related to psychological factors. In this case, the client's symptoms of numbness are likely somatic manifestations of underlying psychological distress or conflict.
A. Factitious disorder involves intentionally producing or feigning physical or psychological symptoms for the purpose of assuming the sick role.
B. Dissociative amnesia involves memory loss that is not attributable to neurological conditions or substance use and is often associated with stressful or traumatic events.
C. Depersonalization/derealization disorder involves experiences of detachment from oneself or one's surroundings.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of a disease or health condition before it occurs. In the context of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), providing education and information about safe sex practices, condom use, and strategies for preventing STIs constitutes primary prevention efforts.
A. Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of a disease or health condition. Examples include screening for STIs and providing prompt treatment to individuals who test positive.
C. Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and reducing the impact of existing disease or health conditions and preventing complications or disability. In the context of STIs, tertiary prevention efforts may include providing ongoing medical care, support, and education to individuals living with STIs
D. Quaternary prevention aims to mitigate or avoid the consequences of unnecessary or excessive healthcare interventions and to protect individuals from overmedicalization. It focuses on promoting prudent and ethical healthcare practices.
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