A nurse is caring for a client who has been brought into an emergency department of a large hospital. The client's family state that the client "took some kind of drugs." The client is dizzy, has recently vomited, and is experiencing paranoia, yelling, "Stay away from me! You are going to kill me!" The client alternates yelling with mumbling and gesturing. Their eyes are darting back and forth as they are talking to the wall. The nurse should suspect the client has used which of the following substances?

Anabolic steroids

Opioids

Stimulants

Hallucinogens

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. The client's symptoms, including paranoia, perceptual disturbances (such as seeing things that aren't there), erratic behavior, and disorientation, are consistent with the effects of hallucinogens. Hallucinogens are a class of drugs that alter perception, mood, and cognitive processes.

A. Anabolic steroids are synthetic variations of the male sex hormone testosterone. They are primarily used to promote muscle growth and enhance athletic performance.

B Opioids are a class of drugs that include prescription pain relievers, such as oxycodone and morphine, as well as illegal drugs like heroin.

C. Stimulants, such as cocaine and amphetamines, can cause symptoms such as paranoia, agitation, and hallucinations, particularly at high doses or with chronic use. However, the client's symptoms of darting eyes, paranoia, yelling, mumbling, and gesturing are more suggestive of hallucinogen use rather than stimulant use.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Panic-level anxiety is characterized by intense and overwhelming feelings of fear and apprehension. Physical symptoms often accompany this level of anxiety, and shakiness or tremors are common manifestations. The individual may experience trembling or shaking of the hands, voice, or other parts of the body due to heightened physiological arousal.

A. Voice tremors can occur in individuals experiencing anxiety, particularly when they are feeling highly stressed or nervous. However, shakiness or trembling in the body is more characteristic of panic level anxiety.

C. Depersonalization involves feelings of detachment from oneself or one's surroundings, as if observing oneself from outside the body or feeling disconnected from reality.

D Poor concentration or difficulty focusing can occur in individuals experiencing anxiety, including panic level anxiety. However, it is more of a cognitive symptom rather than a physical manifestation such as shakiness or tremors.

A. Antisocial personality disorder B. Paranoid personality disorder C. Schizotypal personality disorder D. Avoidant personality disorder

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Schizotypal personality disorder is characterized by eccentric behavior, odd beliefs or magical thinking, unusual perceptual experiences, and social and interpersonal deficits. Individuals with this disorder may exhibit peculiar or paranoid beliefs, such as believing they have special powers or abilities like mind-reading, as described in the scenario.

A. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. Individuals with this disorder may engage in behaviors such as deceitfulness, impulsivity, aggression, and lack of remorse.

B. Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspicion of others, leading to interpersonal difficulties and a heightened sense of threat or persecution.

D. Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation, leading to avoidance of social interactions and situations.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse on an inpatient mental health unit is caring for a client who is experiencing panic level anxiety. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who screams, "I can read your minds! The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following personality disorders?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is discussing schizophrenia spectrum disorders with a client. The client states, "My friend says that before I started hearing voices. I stopped hanging out with them. Why is that?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A community health nurse is preparing an educational activity that addresses the domains of learning. The nurse should know that the affective domain focuses on which of the following?

A nurse is admitting a client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following statements should the nurse expect from this client?

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing periods of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?

A nurse is preparing a presentation about alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the presentation?

A nurse is providing mental health education to a group of high school students. Which of the following information about screening for mental illness should the nurse include?

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease about including foods to decrease the progression of the disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend?

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the needs of clients who are a part of a vulnerable population. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?