A nurse is providing teaching to the guardians of a preterm newborn about temperature instability. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Preterm newborns might have a thick layer of brown fat that can cause them to quickly become overheated.
Preterm newborns might shiver to warm up when they get too cool.
Preterm newborns might sweat to cool off when they get too warm.
Preterm newborns might have less muscle tone which exposes more body surfaces to heat loss.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Preterm newborns do not have a thick layer of brown fat. Brown fat is a type of fat that generates heat and is typically found in full-term newborns. It helps them maintain their body temperature. Preterm newborns have less brown fat, which makes them more susceptible to hypothermia.
Choice B rationale
Shivering is a mechanism used by the body to generate heat when it’s cold. However, preterm newborns cannot shiver. Their nervous systems are not fully developed, and they lack the muscle coordination necessary to shiver.
Choice C rationale
Sweating is another mechanism the body uses to regulate temperature. When the body is too warm, it produces sweat to cool down. However, preterm newborns do not sweat to cool off when they get too warm. Their sweat glands are not fully developed, and they may not be able to sweat effectively.
Choice D rationale
Preterm newborns have less muscle tone, which exposes more body surfaces to heat loss. Muscle tone provides insulation and generates heat. Because preterm newborns have less muscle mass, they have less insulation and generate less heat, making them more susceptible to hypothermia.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Frequent urination is a common symptom in early pregnancy due to increased blood flow to the woman’s kidneys. While it can be inconvenient, it is usually not a sign of a serious problem.
Choice B rationale
Periodic tingling of the fingers can be a symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome, which is common during pregnancy due to fluid retention causing pressure on the median nerve. While it can be uncomfortable, it is usually not a serious concern.
Choice C rationale
Back pain following intercourse can be a normal symptom of pregnancy due to hormonal changes and stretching of ligaments. It is usually not a cause for immediate concern.
Choice D rationale
Severe vomiting in early pregnancy could be a sign of hyperemesis gravidarum, a severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that can lead to dehydration and weight loss. This is a potentially serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While initiating an infusion of IV fluids for the patient is important, it is not the immediate next step after noticing a protruding umbilical cord.
Choice B rationale
Administering oxygen via a nonrebreather mask at 8L/min is a later step in the management of umbilical cord prolapse.
Choice C rationale
The immediate next step after noticing a protruding umbilical cord is to perform a vaginal examination and apply upward pressure on the presenting part to relieve cord compression.
Choice D rationale
Covering the umbilical cord with a sterile saline-saturated towel is a later step in the management of umbilical cord prolapse.
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