A nurse is providing medication education to a patient newly prescribed ethambutol for tuberculosis (TB) treatment. The nurse should instruct the patient to report which of the following side effects immediately?
Blurred vision or difficulty distinguishing red from green
Increased thirst and frequent urination
Nausea and vomiting
Tingling sensations in the hands and feet
The Correct Answer is A
A. Blurred vision or difficulty distinguishing red from green: Ethambutol can cause optic neuritis, which may lead to vision changes, including blurred vision and difficulty distinguishing red from green. These symptoms should be reported immediately, as discontinuing the medication may be necessary to prevent permanent damage.
B. Increased thirst and frequent urination: These symptoms are more indicative of hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus rather than a known adverse effect of ethambutol.
C. Nausea and vomiting: While nausea and vomiting are potential side effects of ethambutol, they are not as urgent as vision changes and do not typically require immediate medical attention.
D. Tingling sensations in the hands and feet: Peripheral neuropathy is more commonly associated with isoniazid rather than ethambutol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Increased hip range of motion and absence of pain. A hip dislocation causes severe pain and reduced mobility, not increased range of motion. This option is incorrect.
B. Reports of hearing a "pop" at the time of pain onset. A "popping" sound often occurs when the prosthetic hip dislocates from the joint, making this a key symptom of hip dislocation.
C. Ability to bear weight on the affected leg without discomfort. A hip dislocation causes severe pain and functional impairment, making weight-bearing extremely difficult or impossible.
D. Symmetric leg length with normal alignment. A dislocated hip causes the affected leg to appear shortened and externally rotated, so symmetrical leg length would not be expected.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Psoriasis. Psoriasis presents as scaly, erythematous plaques with silvery-white scales, typically on the extensor surfaces of the body, rather than a unilateral vesicular rash.
B. Herpes Zoster (Shingles). Herpes zoster (shingles) is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. It presents as a painful, unilateral vesicular rash along a dermatome, often accompanied by burning or stabbing pain.
C. Eczema. Eczema (atopic dermatitis) presents as dry, itchy, inflamed skin, usually in a chronic and relapsing pattern, rather than a vesicular rash following a dermatome.
D. Contact Dermatitis. Contact dermatitis presents as erythematous, pruritic, and sometimes vesicular lesions, but it is not limited to a single dermatome and typically occurs in areas of direct skin exposure to an allergen or irritant.
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