A nurse is performing a skin assessment on a patient and suspects basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Which of the following findings would support this suspicion?
A rapidly growing, irregular brown lesion with uneven borders
A slow-growing, pearly or waxy nodule with visible blood vessels with central ulceration
A dark, flat lesion with a satellite pattern of spreading pigmentation
A firm, scaly lesion with a rough, honey crusted surface
The Correct Answer is B
A. A rapidly growing, irregular brown lesion with uneven borders. This description is more characteristic of melanoma, which presents as an asymmetrical, dark lesion with irregular borders and rapid growth.
B. A slow-growing, pearly or waxy nodule with visible blood vessels with central ulceration. BCC typically appears as a pearly, waxy nodule with visible telangiectasia (small blood vessels). It grows slowly and may develop a central ulceration over time.
C. A dark, flat lesion with a satellite pattern of spreading pigmentation. This description aligns more with melanoma, which often spreads in a radial pattern with satellite lesions.
D. A firm, scaly lesion with a rough, honey-crusted surface. This description is more consistent with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which presents as a rough, scaly lesion that may ulcerate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Blurred vision or difficulty distinguishing red from green: Ethambutol can cause optic neuritis, which may lead to vision changes, including blurred vision and difficulty distinguishing red from green. These symptoms should be reported immediately, as discontinuing the medication may be necessary to prevent permanent damage.
B. Increased thirst and frequent urination: These symptoms are more indicative of hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus rather than a known adverse effect of ethambutol.
C. Nausea and vomiting: While nausea and vomiting are potential side effects of ethambutol, they are not as urgent as vision changes and do not typically require immediate medical attention.
D. Tingling sensations in the hands and feet: Peripheral neuropathy is more commonly associated with isoniazid rather than ethambutol.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "I should eat more red meats and seafood to help strengthen my joints." Red meats and seafood are high in purines, which increase uric acid levels and can trigger gout attacks. Patients should limit their intake of these foods.
B. "I need to drink plenty of water and limit alcohol consumption to reduce uric acid buildup." Staying hydrated helps flush excess uric acid from the body, and reducing alcohol consumption, especially beer and spirits, can help prevent flare-ups.
C. "Taking aspirin regularly will help lower my risk of future gout attacks." Aspirin can increase uric acid levels and may worsen gout symptoms. Patients should consult their provider before using aspirin regularly.
D. "Dairy products and high-fat foods will help prevent uric acid accumulation." While low-fat dairy products may help reduce uric acid levels, high-fat foods do not provide the same benefit and may contribute to weight gain, which is a risk factor for gout.
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