A nurse is assessing a patient who reports persistent cough, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue. The nurse suspects tuberculosis (TB). Which additional symptom would further support this diagnosis?
Nausea and vomiting after eating fatty foods
Sudden high fever and chills with a rash
Wheezing and shortness of breath that improves with bronchodilators
Productive cough with blood (hemoptysis)
The Correct Answer is D
A. Nausea and vomiting after eating fatty foods: This symptom is more commonly associated with gallbladder disease (e.g., cholecystitis) rather than TB.
B. Sudden high fever and chills with a rash: TB typically causes a low-grade fever, night sweats, and progressive weight loss rather than sudden high fevers with a rash, which are more indicative of systemic infections like meningococcemia or viral exanthems.
C. Wheezing and shortness of breath that improves with bronchodilators: While TB can cause respiratory symptoms, it does not typically present with reversible airway constriction like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which respond to bronchodilators.
D. Productive cough with blood (hemoptysis): Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) is a hallmark symptom of active TB, resulting from lung tissue damage caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "Allopurinol helps to lower uric acid levels and prevent future gout attacks." Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that decreases uric acid production, helping to prevent future gout attacks rather than treating acute flares.
B. “I should take allopurinol during an acute gout attack to relieve pain immediately." Allopurinol is not used for acute gout attacks because it does not have immediate pain-relieving or anti-inflammatory effects. In fact, starting or increasing allopurinol during an acute attack may worsen symptoms.
C. “I should avoid drinking water while taking allopurinol to prevent kidney stones." Adequate hydration is essential while taking allopurinol to prevent uric acid kidney stones and to help eliminate excess uric acid from the body.
D. "Allopurinol works by reducing inflammation in my joints during a flare-up." Allopurinol does not have anti-inflammatory properties. It lowers uric acid levels over time, reducing the risk of future gout attacks but not treating acute inflammation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Blurred vision or difficulty distinguishing red from green: Ethambutol can cause optic neuritis, which may lead to vision changes, including blurred vision and difficulty distinguishing red from green. These symptoms should be reported immediately, as discontinuing the medication may be necessary to prevent permanent damage.
B. Increased thirst and frequent urination: These symptoms are more indicative of hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus rather than a known adverse effect of ethambutol.
C. Nausea and vomiting: While nausea and vomiting are potential side effects of ethambutol, they are not as urgent as vision changes and do not typically require immediate medical attention.
D. Tingling sensations in the hands and feet: Peripheral neuropathy is more commonly associated with isoniazid rather than ethambutol.
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