A nurse is providing instructions about bowel cleansing with polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (PEG) for a client who is going to have a colonoscopy. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
"Drink 400 ml every hour until bowel movements are clear"
"Expect bowel movements to begin 3 hr following completion of solution. "
"To prevent dehydration, drink an additional liter of fluid during preparation time. "
"Abdominal bloating might occur"
The Correct Answer is D
Answer: D
Rationale:
A. "Drink 400 ml every hour until bowel movements are clear": The standard recommendation for PEG is to drink a specific volume, usually 240 ml every 10 to 15 minutes, rather than 400 ml every hour. The goal is to ensure the bowel is adequately cleansed, and this rate is typically more effective in achieving that.
B. "Expect bowel movements to begin 3 hr following completion of solution": Bowel movements often start within an hour or two after starting the PEG solution rather than waiting for 3 hours after finishing it. The timing can vary, but the onset is generally sooner.
C. "To prevent dehydration, drink an additional liter of fluid during preparation time": While it is important to stay hydrated, the specific recommendation for additional fluid intake beyond the PEG solution can vary. Typically, the instructions focus on the volume of PEG solution to drink rather than specifying a set amount of additional fluid.
D. "Abdominal bloating might occur": Abdominal bloating is a common side effect of bowel cleansing preparations like PEG. It can occur due to the large volume of fluid ingested and the rapid movement of the bowel contents, making it a relevant point to include in the instructions.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Rotavirus (RV): Rotavirus vaccine is routinely recommended for infants to protect against rotavirus infection, which can cause severe diarrhea and dehydration in young children. It is typically administered orally in multiple doses starting at around 2 months of age.
B. Human papillomavirus (HPV): The HPV vaccine is not routinely administered to infants at 1 year of age. It is typically recommended for preteens and adolescents to protect against HPV-related cancers and genital warts.
C. Measles, mumps rubella (MMR): The MMR vaccine is routinely given to infants around 1 year of age to protect against measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles). It is typically administered as a single injection.
D. Varicella (VAR): The varicella vaccine is routinely recommended for infants to protect against chickenpox (varicella) infection. It is typically administered as a single injection around 1 year of age.
E. Diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis (DTaP): The DTaP vaccine is routinely given to infants to protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough). It is typically administered as a series of injections starting at around 2 months of age.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Divalproex: Divalproex is typically administered with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects and enhance absorption. Administering it after breakfast or with a meal is recommended to reduce the risk of stomach upset and improve its bioavailability. Taking divalproex with food also helps to slow its absorption, which can decrease the incidence of adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting.
B. Mycostatin mouthwash: Mycostatin mouthwash is a topical antifungal medication used to treat oral candidiasis. Unlike systemic medications, its efficacy is not significantly influenced by food intake. Therefore, it can be administered before or after meals as prescribed, depending on the convenience of the patient. However, if the patient has oral lesions or discomfort, administering it after meals may be preferable to provide relief and ensure maximum contact time with affected areas.
C. Digoxin: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside commonly used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation. It is typically administered on an empty stomach to facilitate optimal absorption. Giving digoxin before breakfast allows for consistent drug levels and reduces the risk of food interfering with its absorption. By administering it before meals, the nurse ensures that the medication is absorbed efficiently and its therapeutic effects are maximized.
D. Alendronate: Alendronate is a bisphosphonate medication used in the treatment of osteoporosis to prevent bone loss and reduce the risk of fractures. It requires administration on an empty stomach in the morning, usually at least 30 minutes before the first meal or beverage of the day, with a full glass of water. This timing ensures adequate absorption and minimizes the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration. Alendronate has poor oral bioavailability, and taking it with food, beverages, or medications can significantly decrease its absorption. Therefore, administering it before breakfast on an empty stomach is crucial to optimize its effectiveness and reduce the potential for adverse gastrointestinal effects.
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