A nurse is providing education regarding biologic threats. When discussing anthrax, which of the following should be included as potential portals of entry? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Choice A: A negative-pressure isolation room

A negative-pressure isolation room is typically used for patients with airborne infections, such as tuberculosis or measles, to prevent the spread of infectious agents through the air. Scabies, however, is primarily transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact and occasionally through contact with contaminated clothing or bedding. Therefore, a negative-pressure isolation room is not necessary for a scabies patient1.

Choice B: A private room

A private room is the most appropriate choice for a client with scabies. This type of room helps prevent the spread of the infestation to other patients and allows for better control of the environment. Scabies is highly contagious and can spread through direct contact with the infested person or indirectly through contaminated items. Isolating the patient in a private room minimizes the risk of transmission and allows for proper infection control measures to be implemented2.

Choice C: A semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis

Placing a scabies patient in a semi-private room with another patient, even one with a different parasitic infection like pediculosis capitis (head lice), is not advisable. Both conditions are highly contagious, and cohabitation increases the risk of cross-contamination and further spread of both infestations. Each condition requires specific treatment and isolation protocols to effectively manage and prevent outbreaks3.

Choice D: A positive-pressure isolation room

A positive-pressure isolation room is designed to protect immunocompromised patients from external contaminants by ensuring that air flows out of the room rather than in. This type of room is not suitable for a scabies patient, as it does not address the primary mode of transmission for scabies, which is direct contact. The focus for scabies management should be on preventing direct and indirect contact with others4.

Choice A reason:

A nurse clinician typically provides direct patient care in clinical settings such as hospitals or clinics. While they may be involved in health promotion, their primary role is not focused on workplace health and safety.

Choice B reason:

A public health nurse works to improve the health of populations and communities. They focus on public health initiatives and may work in various settings, but their role is broader than the specific focus on workplace health and safety.

Choice C reason:

A community nurse specialist provides specialized care within a community setting. While they may engage in health promotion, their role is not specifically tied to workplace health and safety.

Choice D reason:

An occupational health nurse focuses on health promotion and safety within the workplace. They work to prevent work-related injuries and illnesses, promote healthy work environments, and provide care for employees. This role aligns with the description of a nurse working in health promotion and safety for an automotive plant.