A nurse is preparing to infuse a 250-mL unit of packed RBCs over 2 hours. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtts/mL. The nurse should adjust the flow rate to deliver how many drops per minute?

(Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Choice A reason:

The statement “Treat clients with an antitoxin” is not the primary initial action for anthrax exposure. Antitoxins are used in cases of severe anthrax infection, particularly inhalational anthrax, to neutralize the toxins produced by Bacillus anthracis. However, the first line of treatment for suspected anthrax exposure is antibiotic therapy to eliminate the bacteria.

Choice B reason:

The statement “Administer antibiotic therapy” is correct. The primary treatment for anthrax exposure is the prompt administration of antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin and doxycycline are commonly used antibiotics for treating anthrax. Early antibiotic treatment is crucial to prevent the progression of the disease and reduce the risk of severe complications.

Choice C reason:

The statement “Initiate client decontamination” is not typically necessary for anthrax exposure. Anthrax spores are not easily spread from person to person, and decontamination is generally not required unless there is a significant risk of environmental contamination. The focus should be on administering antibiotics and monitoring the clients for symptoms.

Choice D reason:

The statement “Place the clients in isolation” is incorrect. Anthrax is not contagious and does not spread from person to person. Therefore, isolation is not required for individuals exposed to anthrax. The priority is to provide appropriate medical treatment and monitor for signs of infection.

Choice A reason:

Assisting the client on a bedpan to urinate can help if the bladder is full, as a full bladder can impede uterine contraction and contribute to bleeding. However, this is not the immediate priority. The primary concern is to control the bleeding, which requires more direct intervention.

Choice B reason:

Increasing the client’s fluid intake is important for maintaining hydration, especially if there is significant blood loss. However, this action does not directly address the cause of the bleeding. Immediate measures to control the hemorrhage are more critical.

Choice C reason:

Palpating the client’s uterine fundus is an essential step in assessing the cause of the bleeding. If the uterus is not contracting properly (uterine atony), it can lead to excessive bleeding. However, while this assessment is crucial, it is not the definitive intervention to stop the bleeding.

Choice D reason:

Preparing to administer oxytocic medication is the priority intervention. Oxytocic drugs, such as oxytocin (Pitocin), stimulate uterine contractions, which help to control and reduce postpartum hemorrhage. Administering this medication promptly can effectively manage the bleeding and prevent further complications.