A nurse is preparing a breast cancer presentation for a health forum. Which fact would the nurse expect to address in this presentation?
African American women have the BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 gene.
American white women respond better to breast cancer treatment.
Breast cancer is more advanced in African American women when found.
More Hispanic women smoke, which increases their risk.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A: African American women have the BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 gene is not the correct answer because it is not a fact but a misconception. BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 are genes that normally help prevent breast and ovarian cancer by repairing DNA damage. However, mutations in these genes can increase the risk of developing these cancers. BRCA mutations are not exclusive to African American women, but they can affect any race or ethnicity. According to the National Cancer Institute, about 12% of American white women and 10% of African American women have a BRCA mutation.
Choice B: American white women respond better to breast cancer treatment is not the correct answer because it is not a fact but a disparity. Breast cancer treatment can include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or targeted therapy. The response to treatment can vary depending on various factors such as tumor type, stage, grade, or molecular profile. However, some studies have shown that American white women have better survival rates and outcomes than African-American women after breast cancer treatment. This disparity may be due to differences in access to care, quality of care, socioeconomic status, or biological factors.
Choice C: Breast cancer is more advanced in African American women when found is the correct answer because it is a fact and a disparity. Breast cancer is a disease that occurs when abnormal cells grow and invade the breast tissue or other parts of the body. The stage of breast cancer describes how far the cancer has spread and how serious it is. Breast cancer can be detected by screening tests such as mammograms or clinical exams such as breast self-exams. However, some studies have shown that African American women are more likely than American white women to be diagnosed with breast cancer at later stages. This disparity may be due to differences in screening rates, awareness, symptoms, or tumor biology.
Choice D: More Hispanic women smoke, which increases their risk is not the correct answer because it is not a fact but a misconception. Smoking is a risk factor for breast cancer, as it can damage the DNA of breast cells and increase the levels of hormones that stimulate cell growth. However, smoking rates are not higher among Hispanic women than other racial or ethnic groups. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 14% of Hispanic women smoke cigarettes compared to 16% of American white women and 14% of African American women.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Cancer is not the correct answer because it is not the leading cause of death among women. According to the World Health Organization, cancer accounted for 15% of all deaths among women in 2019.
Choice B: Heart Disease is the correct answer because it is the leading cause of death among women worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, heart disease accounted for 21% of all deaths among women in 2019. Many women are unaware of the risk factors and symptoms of heart disease, and may not seek timely medical attention. Therefore, educational programs that raise awareness and promote the prevention of heart disease are a priority for women's health.
Choice C: Diabetes is not the correct answer because it is not the leading cause of death among women. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes accounted for 4% of all deaths among women in 2019. However, diabetes can increase the risk of developing other complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and blindness. Therefore, educational programs that teach women how to manage their blood sugar levels and prevent complications are important for women's health.
Choice D: Smoking is not the correct answer because it is not a condition, but a risk factor for many diseases. Smoking can increase the risk of developing lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, educational programs that help women quit smoking and avoid exposure to secondhand smoke are beneficial for women's health.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Fluid balance is not the most likely priority because it is not directly affected by the mastectomy. Fluid balance is the state of equilibrium between the intake and output of fluids in the body. It can be influenced by various factors such as hydration, nutrition, medication, or illness. It can be monitored by measuring vital signs, weight, urine output, or laboratory values. Fluid balance is important for maintaining homeostasis and preventing dehydration or edema, but it is not a specific concern for a client undergoing a mastectomy.
Choice B: Body image is the most likely priority because it is directly affected by the mastectomy. Body image is the perception and attitude that one has toward one's own physical appearance and function. It can be influenced by various factors such as culture, media, self-esteem, or feedback from others. It can be assessed by observing verbal and nonverbal cues, asking open-ended questions, or using standardized tools. Body image is a major psychosocial issue for a client undergoing a mastectomy, as it can affect one's sense of identity, femininity, sexuality, or attractiveness. The nurse should address body image by providing information, support, and referral to appropriate resources.
Choice C: Urinary elimination is not the most likely priority because it is not directly affected by the mastectomy. Urinary elimination is the process of expelling urine from the bladder through the urethra. It can be influenced by various factors such as fluid intake, kidney function, medication, or infection. It can be assessed by measuring urine volume, color, odor, or specific gravity. Urinary elimination is important for maintaining fluid balance and preventing urinary tract infection or retention, but it is not a specific concern for a client undergoing a mastectomy.
Choice D: Activity is not the most likely priority because it is not directly affected by the mastectomy. Activity is the level of physical movement and exercise that one engages in on a daily basis. It can be influenced by various factors such as age, health status, motivation, or environment. It can be assessed by observing mobility, endurance, strength, or coordination. Activity is important for maintaining muscle tone, joint range of motion, circulation, or metabolism, but it is not a specific concern for a client undergoing a mastectomy.
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