A breast biopsy indicates the presence of malignant cells, and the client is scheduled for a mastectomy. When preparing the client's preoperative plan of care, which area would the nurse most likely address as the priority?
Fluid balance
Body image
Urinary elimination
Activity
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A: Fluid balance is not the most likely priority because it is not directly affected by the mastectomy. Fluid balance is the state of equilibrium between the intake and output of fluids in the body. It can be influenced by various factors such as hydration, nutrition, medication, or illness. It can be monitored by measuring vital signs, weight, urine output, or laboratory values. Fluid balance is important for maintaining homeostasis and preventing dehydration or edema, but it is not a specific concern for a client undergoing a mastectomy.
Choice B: Body image is the most likely priority because it is directly affected by the mastectomy. Body image is the perception and attitude that one has toward one's own physical appearance and function. It can be influenced by various factors such as culture, media, self-esteem, or feedback from others. It can be assessed by observing verbal and nonverbal cues, asking open-ended questions, or using standardized tools. Body image is a major psychosocial issue for a client undergoing a mastectomy, as it can affect one's sense of identity, femininity, sexuality, or attractiveness. The nurse should address body image by providing information, support, and referral to appropriate resources.
Choice C: Urinary elimination is not the most likely priority because it is not directly affected by the mastectomy. Urinary elimination is the process of expelling urine from the bladder through the urethra. It can be influenced by various factors such as fluid intake, kidney function, medication, or infection. It can be assessed by measuring urine volume, color, odor, or specific gravity. Urinary elimination is important for maintaining fluid balance and preventing urinary tract infection or retention, but it is not a specific concern for a client undergoing a mastectomy.
Choice D: Activity is not the most likely priority because it is not directly affected by the mastectomy. Activity is the level of physical movement and exercise that one engages in on a daily basis. It can be influenced by various factors such as age, health status, motivation, or environment. It can be assessed by observing mobility, endurance, strength, or coordination. Activity is important for maintaining muscle tone, joint range of motion, circulation, or metabolism, but it is not a specific concern for a client undergoing a mastectomy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: The social worker is not the correct answer because they are not legally responsible for obtaining informed consent for an invasive procedure. The social worker is a professional who provides psychosocial support and advocacy for clients and families, such as counseling, referrals, or discharge planning.
Choice B: The nurse is not the correct answer because they are not legally responsible for obtaining informed consent for an invasive procedure. The nurse is a professional who provides direct care and education for clients and families, such as assessment, medication administration, or teaching. However, the nurse can assist the physician in obtaining informed consent by witnessing the client's signature, verifying the client's understanding, or documenting the process.
Choice C: The physician is the correct answer because they are legally responsible for obtaining informed consent for an invasive procedure. The physician is a professional who diagnoses and treats clients and families, such as performing surgery, prescribing medication, or ordering tests. The physician must explain the purpose, benefits, risks, alternatives, and consequences of the procedure to the client and obtain their voluntary agreement before proceeding.
Choice D: The unit secretary is not the correct answer because they are not legally responsible for obtaining informed consent for an invasive procedure. The unit secretary is a staff member who performs clerical and administrative tasks for the unit, such as answering phones, filing records, or scheduling appointments.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: Cancer is not the correct answer because it is not the leading cause of death among women. According to the World Health Organization, cancer accounted for 15% of all deaths among women in 2019.
Choice B: Heart Disease is the correct answer because it is the leading cause of death among women worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, heart disease accounted for 21% of all deaths among women in 2019. Many women are unaware of the risk factors and symptoms of heart disease, and may not seek timely medical attention. Therefore, educational programs that raise awareness and promote the prevention of heart disease are a priority for women's health.
Choice C: Diabetes is not the correct answer because it is not the leading cause of death among women. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes accounted for 4% of all deaths among women in 2019. However, diabetes can increase the risk of developing other complications such as heart disease, kidney disease, and blindness. Therefore, educational programs that teach women how to manage their blood sugar levels and prevent complications are important for women's health.
Choice D: Smoking is not the correct answer because it is not a condition, but a risk factor for many diseases. Smoking can increase the risk of developing lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, educational programs that help women quit smoking and avoid exposure to secondhand smoke are beneficial for women's health.
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