A nurse is planning to teach a group of newly licensed nurses about hypermagnesemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Bradypnea
Personality change
Seizure
Elevated hematocrit
The Correct Answer is A
A. Bradypnea: Hypermagnesemia depresses neuromuscular and central nervous system function, which can lead to slowed respiratory rate (bradypnea) and potentially respiratory failure in severe cases.
B. Personality change: Personality changes are more commonly associated with hyponatremia, hypernatremia, or other electrolyte imbalances affecting the brain, rather than hypermagnesemia.
C. Seizure: Seizures are more likely in hypomagnesemia due to increased neuromuscular excitability, not in hypermagnesemia, which generally causes neuromuscular depression.
D. Elevated hematocrit: Hypermagnesemia does not directly affect red blood cell concentration or hematocrit levels. Changes in hematocrit are usually related to fluid volume status, not magnesium levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Tell the client, "You seem to be very upset.": Using verbal de-escalation and acknowledging the client’s emotions can help reduce agitation. This approach demonstrates empathy, promotes communication, and can prevent escalation.
B. Use a face shield with a mask when providing care to the client: Personal protective equipment is important for infection control, but it does not address the behavioral escalation or help calm an agitated client.
C. Initiate seclusion protocol: Seclusion is a restrictive intervention used only if the client poses an imminent risk of harm. It is not the first step in managing agitation and should follow attempts at de-escalation.
D. Engage the panic alarm: Activating the panic alarm is appropriate in situations of immediate danger, but for verbal agitation and pacing without aggression, de-escalation is the first intervention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hypotension: Methamphetamines are central nervous system stimulants that typically cause hypertension and tachycardia due to increased sympathetic activity, rather than low blood pressure.
B. Weight loss: Methamphetamines suppress appetite and increase metabolism, which can lead to significant weight loss. This is a common adverse effect associated with chronic use.
C. Somnolence: Stimulant effects of methamphetamines generally cause insomnia and hyperactivity rather than excessive sleepiness. Somnolence is not a typical adverse effect.
D. Lethargy: Methamphetamine use initially produces energy and euphoria. Lethargy may occur only during withdrawal, not as a direct adverse effect of active use.
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