A nurse is planning to teach a client about a high-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to eat? (Select all that apply)

Grapes

Nuts

Watermelon

Sweet potato

Bananas

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A: Grapes is incorrect because it is a low-potassium food, containing only 176 mg of potassium per cup. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid or limit low-potassium foods, as they can worsen hypokalemia, or low potassium level.

Choice B: Nuts is correct because it is a high-potassium food, containing 200 to 300 mg of potassium per ounce. The nurse should instruct the client to eat more high-potassium foods, as they can help prevent or treat hypokalemia.

Choice C: Watermelon is incorrect because it is also a low-potassium food, containing only 170 mg of potassium per cup. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid or limit low-potassium foods, as they can worsen hypokalemia.

Choice D: Sweet potato is correct because it is also a high-potassium food, containing 448 mg of potassium per medium-sized potato. The nurse should instruct the client to eat more high-potassium foods, as they can help prevent or treat hypokalemia.

Choice E: Bananas is correct because it is also a high-potassium food, containing 422 mg of potassium per medium- sized banana. The nurse should instruct the client to eat more high-potassium foods, as they can help prevent or treat hypokalemia.

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Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

Choice A: Calcium-containing antacids are prescribed for patients with high serum phosphate levels, because calcium binds with phosphate and lowers its concentration in the blood. Calcium-containing antacids also help to prevent or treat hypocalcemia, which is a common complication of hyperphosphatemia.

Choice B: Increased vitamin D intake is not prescribed for patients with high serum phosphate levels, because vitamin D enhances the absorption of both calcium and phosphate from the intestines. Increased vitamin D intake can worsen hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia.

Choice C: Potassium phosphate is not prescribed for patients with high serum phosphate levels, because potassium phosphate is a source of phosphate that increases its concentration in the blood. Potassium phosphate can also cause hyperkalemia, which is a dangerous condition that aﬀects the heart rhythm.

Choice D: Additional milk intake is not prescribed for patients with high serum phosphate levels, because milk is rich in both calcium and phosphate. Additional milk intake can worsen hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia.

Choice E: IV normal saline is prescribed for patients with high serum phosphate levels, because normal saline helps to dilute the blood and lower the concentration of phosphate. Normal saline also helps to maintain ﬂuid and electrolyte balance in the body.

A. PaCO2 50 mm Hg B. HCO3 30 mEq/L C. pH 7.45 D. Potassium 3.3 mEq/L

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is a) PaCO2 50 mm Hg. This is because respiratory acidosis is a condition in which the lungs cannot remove enough carbon dioxide from the blood, resulting in a high level of PaCO2. The normal range of PaCO2 is 35 to 45 mm Hg.

Choice b) HCO3 30 mEq/L is incorrect because this is a normal value for bicarbonate, which is a buﬀer that helps maintain the acid-base balance in the blood. The normal range of HCO3 is 22 to 26 mEq/L.

Choice c) pH 7.45 is incorrect because this is a normal value for the acidity or alkalinity of the blood. The normal range of pH is 7.35 to 7.45. Respiratory acidosis causes a low pH, indicating acidemia.

Choice d) Potassium 3.3 mEq/L is incorrect because this is a low value for potassium, which is an electrolyte that helps regulate nerve and muscle function, ﬂuid balance, and blood pressure. The normal range of potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L. Respiratory acidosis can cause hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels, due to the shift of hydrogen ions into cells and potassium out of cells.

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A nurse is planning to teach a client about a high-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to eat? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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