A nurse is planning discharge for a client who is 3 days postpartum. Which of the following nonpharmacological interventions should the nurse Include in the plan of care for lactation suppression?

Choice A Reason:

Cholecystitis is correct. Both estrogen and progesterone have been shown to increase the risk of gallstones.Estrogen has been shown to increase cholesterol production in the liver, with excess amounts precipitating in bile and leading to the formation of gallstones.Progesterone has been shown to decrease gall-bladder motility, which impedes bile flow and leads to gallstone formation.

Choice B Reason:

Hypertension is correct. Women with uncontrolled hypertension or severe hypertension are generally advised against using oral contraceptives due to the increased risk of cardiovascular events.

Choice C Reason:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is incorrect. HPV is not a contraindication to oral contraceptives.Overall, while there may be some association between oral contraceptive use and HPV infection or its progression, the absolute increase in risk is generally considered small, and the benefits of oral contraceptives in preventing unintended pregnancies and managing menstrual issues often outweigh the potential risks.

Choice D Reason:

Migraine headaches is correct. Women with migraines with aura, especially those over 35 years old, are often advised against using estrogen-containing contraceptives due to an increased risk of stroke.

Choice E Reason:

Anxiety disorder is incorrect. Anxiety disorder alone is not a contraindication to oral contraceptives. However, individual health considerations should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

A. Decreased vaginal discharge is not typically associated with the onset of labor. In fact, an increase in vaginal discharge may be observed as the cervix begins to soften and efface.

B. Weight gain of 0.5 to 1.5 kg is not a specific sign that precedes labor. Weight gain during late pregnancy is more related to fluid retention, and it does not necessarily indicate imminent labor.

C. Urinary retention is not a common sign that precedes labor. However, increased pressure on the bladder from the descending fetus may lead to more frequent urination rather than retention.

D. A surge of energy is known as the "nesting instinct" and is a common sign that precedes labor. Some women experience a burst of energy and motivation to prepare for the upcoming birth.