A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?

Elevate the head of the bed no more than 45°.

Use a transfer device to lift the client up in bed.

Massage the skin over the client's bony prominences.

Apply cornstarch to keep sensitive skin areas dry.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The head of the bed should generally be elevated no more than 30° to reduce shear and friction, not 45°.
B. Using a transfer device to lift the client prevents shearing and friction, which helps maintain skin integrity and reduces the risk of pressure ulcers.
C. Massaging bony prominences is not recommended, as it can damage underlying tissue and increase risk of ulcer formation.
D. Cornstarch is not advised because it can create a moist environment that promotes skin breakdown and infection.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. After palpating the abdomen is not the ideal time to auscultate bowel sounds.
Palpation may stimulate bowel sounds and potentially give a false impression of their presence or absence.
B. Prior to percussing the abdomen is the correct sequence. Auscultation of bowel sounds should be done before any other abdominal assessment techniques, including percussion or palpation. This allows the nurse to accurately hear any existing bowel sounds without interference.
C. Prior to inspecting the abdomen is not the ideal time for auscultation. Inspection focuses on visual examination and assessment, which does not involve listening for bowel sounds.
D. After assessing for kidney tenderness is not the correct timing for auscultating bowel sounds. Assessing for kidney tenderness involves a different aspect of the physical examination and does not influence bowel sound assessment.

A. Hold the container of solution 30 cm (12 in) above the anus. B. Hold the container of solution 15 cm (6 in) above the anus, then lower it 15 cm below the anus. C. Hold the container of solution level with the client's upper hip. D. Keep the container of solution at a level to maintain client comfort.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. When administering a cleansing enema, it is important to hold the container of solution about 30 cm (12 in) above the anus. This provides enough gravitational force for the solution to flow gently into the rectum.
B. This action involves unnecessary movement of the container and is not a standard technique for administering a cleansing enema.
C. Holding the container level with the client's upper hip does not provide sufficient height for the gravitational force needed to administer the enema effectively.
D. Keeping the container at a level to maintain client comfort is not specific guidance for administering a cleansing enema. The height of the container above the anus is a critical factor in ensuring the enema flows properly.

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?