A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?

Elevate the head of the bed no more than 45°.

Use a transfer device to lift the client up in bed.

Massage the skin over the client's bony prominences.

Apply cornstarch to keep sensitive skin areas dry.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The head of the bed should generally be elevated no more than 30° to reduce shear and friction, not 45°.
B. Using a transfer device to lift the client prevents shearing and friction, which helps maintain skin integrity and reduces the risk of pressure ulcers.
C. Massaging bony prominences is not recommended, as it can damage underlying tissue and increase risk of ulcer formation.
D. Cornstarch is not advised because it can create a moist environment that promotes skin breakdown and infection.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Observing the client's respiratory status is the priority action because a decreased level of consciousness can potentially lead to compromised airway and respiratory function. It's crucial to monitor for signs of respiratory distress or compromise, such as changes in respiratory rate, depth, and effort.
B. Monitoring intake and output every 8 hr is an important nursing responsibility, but it is not the top priority when the client's respiratory status is in question.
C. Elevating the head of the client's bed 30° to 45° is a standard practice to prevent aspiration and promote optimal digestion during enteral feedings. While important, it is not the immediate priority in this situation.
D. Checking residual volume every 4 to 6 hr is a part of enteral feeding management, but it is not the priority when the client's respiratory status is a concern.

A. Ask the client's full name and date of birth. B. Ask a family member to verify the client's identity. C. Verify the client's room number. D. Check the client's name on the medication administration record (MAR).

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct method for identifying the client before administering medication.
Asking for the client's full name and date of birth is a standard and effective way to ensure that the right medication is given to the right person.
B. Depending solely on a family member to verify the client's identity is not considered a reliable method. While involving family members can be helpful in certain situations, the primary responsibility lies with the nurse to directly confirm the client's identity.
C. Verifying the client's room number is not a sufficient method of client identification.
Room numbers can change, and it's possible for clients to be moved, so relying on this alone is not considered safe practice.
D. Checking the client's name on the medication administration record (MAR) is an important step in medication administration, but it is not the initial method of identifying the client. It's used to confirm that the right medication is being administered to the right person after the client's identity has been established through direct interaction and confirmation.

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?

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A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who is at risk for developing pressure ulcers.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to help maintain the integrity of the client's skin?