A nurse is planning care for a client who has terminal cancer and is nearing the end of life. Which the following interventions should the nurse include?

Remind the client to eat scheduled meals daily.

Place the client in a supine position.

Offer the client a blanket to keep warm.

Speak in a loud tone when addressing the client.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Remind the client to eat scheduled meals daily: Clients nearing the end of life often have a decreased appetite and may be unable or unwilling to eat. Forcing meals can cause discomfort and is not a priority at this stage.

B. Place the client in a supine position: Lying flat can increase the risk of aspiration and respiratory discomfort. Positioning the client for comfort, often semi-Fowler’s or side-lying, is preferred.

C. Offer the client a blanket to keep warm: Clients near the end of life may experience chills or cool extremities due to decreased circulation. Providing a blanket helps maintain comfort and dignity, which is a primary goal of end-of-life care.

D. Speak in a loud tone when addressing the client: Speaking loudly is unnecessary unless the client has hearing impairment. Communication should remain calm, gentle, and respectful to provide reassurance and maintain comfort.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Refrain from doing any exercises until your symptoms show improvement.": Completely avoiding exercise is not necessary for most people with asthma and can negatively impact cardiovascular health. The goal is to control symptoms so that safe activity is possible.

B. "Use your long-acting beta agonist inhaler after exercise-induced symptoms appear.": Long-acting beta agonists are used for maintenance therapy, not for quick relief. They are not appropriate for immediate symptom control before or after exercise.

C. "Use your short-acting beta agonist inhaler before exercising.": Short-acting beta agonists, such as albuterol, can be taken 5–20 minutes before exercise to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. This is the recommended approach for clients with exercise-triggered asthma.

D. "It is safe to exercise if your peak flow meter measures in the red zone.": The red zone indicates severe airway narrowing and poor asthma control, requiring immediate medical attention. Exercise in this state could worsen symptoms and lead to respiratory distress.

A. Increased creatinine B. Increased calcium C. Increased bicarbonate D. Increased hemoglobin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Increased creatinine: Chronic kidney disease reduces the kidneys’ ability to filter waste products effectively, causing creatinine to accumulate in the blood. Elevated creatinine is a key indicator of declining renal function and is expected in this condition.

B. Increased calcium: Clients with chronic kidney disease often have decreased calcium levels due to impaired vitamin D activation and phosphate retention. Increased calcium would be unusual unless the client is receiving supplementation.

C. Increased bicarbonate: Metabolic acidosis is common in chronic kidney disease because the kidneys cannot adequately excrete hydrogen ions or reabsorb bicarbonate. This typically results in decreased, not increased, bicarbonate levels in the blood.

D. Increased hemoglobin: Anemia frequently occurs in chronic kidney disease due to reduced erythropoietin production by the kidneys. This leads to lower hemoglobin levels, so an increase would not be expected unless treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has terminal cancer and is nearing the end of life. Which the following interventions should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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