A nurse is planning care for a client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Provide instruction on pelvic muscle exercises.

Administer skeletal muscle relaxants every 6 hr.

Encourage fluid intake.

Monitor vital signs every 8 hr.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Provide instruction on pelvic muscle exercises:
Pelvic muscle exercises are beneficial for urinary incontinence but are not a standard intervention for treating pyelonephritis. Pyelonephritis focuses on managing infection and inflammation of the kidneys rather than strengthening pelvic muscles.

B) Administer skeletal muscle relaxants every 6 hr:
Skeletal muscle relaxants are not typically used in the treatment of pyelonephritis. The focus should be on antibiotics to treat the infection and analgesics for pain relief, rather than muscle relaxants.

C) Encourage fluid intake:
Increasing fluid intake helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract, which can aid in reducing the infection and promoting kidney health. Proper hydration is crucial for clients with pyelonephritis to help manage symptoms and prevent further complications.

D) Monitor vital signs every 8 hr:
While monitoring vital signs is important, it should be done more frequently than every 8 hours, especially in the acute phase of pyelonephritis, to promptly identify any signs of worsening infection or sepsis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Stroke:
Hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus both contribute significantly to the development of atherosclerosis, which can lead to stroke. High levels of lipids in the blood can cause plaque buildup in the arteries, and diabetes can damage blood vessels and increase the likelihood of clots forming.

B) Benign prostatic hyperplasia:
While benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common condition in older men, it is not directly related to hyperlipidemia or diabetes. It is more related to age and hormonal changes rather than metabolic or vascular conditions.

C) Meniere’s disease:
Meniere's disease is a disorder of the inner ear that leads to vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. It is not associated with hyperlipidemia or diabetes. The primary risk factors are genetic predisposition and abnormalities in the ear's fluid dynamics.

D) Hemophilia:
Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects the blood's ability to clot. It is inherited and not influenced by lifestyle-related conditions such as hyperlipidemia or diabetes. The risk factors for hemophilia are primarily genetic, with no direct link to metabolic conditions.

A. Take a tub bath every other day using a mild soap. B. Wash bathroom surfaces daily with isopropyl alcohol. C. Place the soiled dressing in a sealed plastic bag before placing it in the trash can. D. Was the wound area before washing the surrounding skin.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Take a tub bath every other day using a mild soap: While maintaining hygiene is important, taking a tub bath is not the most effective way to prevent the spread of MRSA. Showering is usually recommended to help wash away bacteria without sitting in potentially contaminated water.

B) Wash bathroom surfaces daily with isopropyl alcohol: Cleaning surfaces regularly is important, but using isopropyl alcohol specifically for this purpose is not necessary. Household disinfectants that are effective against bacteria, including bleach solutions, can be used to disinfect surfaces.

C) Place the soiled dressing in a sealed plastic bag before placing it in the trash can: This instruction is crucial to prevent the spread of MRSA. Properly containing and disposing of contaminated dressings minimizes the risk of bacteria spreading to other surfaces or individuals.

D) Wash the wound area before washing the surrounding skin: When cleaning wounds, it's typically recommended to clean the surrounding skin first to avoid spreading bacteria from the wound to the clean skin. This reduces the risk of contamination and helps maintain a sterile environment around the wound.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

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