A nurse is caring for a client who just had a left long-arm plaster cast applied after experiencing a musculoskeletal trauma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Position the cast on a plastic-covered pillow.

Perform neurovascular checks every 2 hr.

Instruct the client to avoid moving the fingers on the left hand.

Touch the cast with the palms of the hands when moving the client.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) Position the cast on a plastic-covered pillow:
Positioning the cast on a plastic-covered pillow is not recommended because the plastic can trap moisture and heat, potentially affecting the cast's integrity as it dries. Instead, a soft, absorbent material should be used to support the cast.

B) Perform neurovascular checks every 2 hr:
Frequent neurovascular checks are essential to monitor for complications such as compartment syndrome, nerve damage, or impaired circulation. This action helps ensure that any changes in sensation, movement, or circulation are identified and addressed promptly.

C) Instruct the client to avoid moving the fingers on the left hand:
Encouraging the client to move their fingers is important to prevent stiffness and swelling and to promote circulation. Instructing the client to avoid moving their fingers is not appropriate and could lead to complications.

D) Touch the cast with the palms of the hands when moving the client:
Handling a wet plaster cast with the palms of the hands is correct to prevent indentations and pressure points that could cause skin irritation or pressure sores. However, this action is not as critical as performing frequent neurovascular checks to ensure the client's safety and monitor for complications.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Staying current on scheduled immunizations: Staying up-to-date with immunizations is important for overall child health but is not a direct risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Immunizations can help prevent infections that could contribute to SIDS but are not directly related to the syndrome itself.

B) Maternal smoking during pregnancy: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a well-documented risk factor for SIDS. Exposure to nicotine and other harmful substances from smoking can affect the baby's respiratory system and increase the likelihood of SIDS.

C) Newborn who is large for gestational age: Being large for gestational age is not a recognized risk factor for SIDS. SIDS risk factors are more closely associated with prenatal and postnatal conditions, rather than birth weight alone.

D) Meconium staining of amniotic fluid: Meconium staining of amniotic fluid is a condition that can indicate fetal distress during labor but is not a direct risk factor for SIDS. It is more related to potential complications during delivery rather than SIDS risk.

A. Limit fluids that contain electrolytes. B. Eliminate sources of probiotics from the diet. C. Take docusate sodium twice daily. D. Avoid foods high in simple sugars.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) "Limit fluids that contain electrolytes":
For a client with gastroenteritis, it is crucial to maintain hydration due to the risk of dehydration from diarrhea and vomiting. However, fluids containing electrolytes can help replenish lost electrolytes and are beneficial. The instruction to "limit" these fluids might be misunderstood as a need to avoid them, which is not appropriate. The aim should be to encourage adequate hydration with fluids that contain electrolytes.

B) "Eliminate sources of probiotics from the diet":
Probiotics can help restore the balance of gut bacteria and may be beneficial in managing gastroenteritis. Eliminating probiotics from the diet is not typically recommended and may not support the recovery process.

C) "Take docusate sodium twice daily":
Docusate sodium is a stool softener, generally used to relieve constipation. In the context of gastroenteritis, which typically involves diarrhea, this medication is not appropriate and could worsen the condition.

D) "Avoid foods high in simple sugars":
Foods high in simple sugars can exacerbate diarrhea by increasing osmotic load in the intestines, leading to more water being drawn into the gut. Avoiding these foods can help manage and reduce symptoms of gastroenteritis.

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A nurse is caring for a client who just had a left long-arm plaster cast applied after experiencing a musculoskeletal trauma. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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