A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that has not improved after pharmacologic treatment. Which of the following procedures should the nurse anticipate the health care provider ordering?

Pericardiocentesis

Septal myectomy

Pericardial window

Synchronized electrical cardioversion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Pericardiocentesis: Pericardiocentesis is a procedure used to drain fluid from the pericardial sac, typically performed in cases of pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade. It is not indicated for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which involves structural abnormalities of the heart muscle rather than pericardial fluid accumulation.

B. Septal myectomy: Septal myectomy is a surgical procedure performed to treat hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), a subtype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by thickening of the interventricular septum and dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Septal myectomy involves the surgical removal of a portion of the hypertrophied septum to relieve left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and improve symptoms.

C. Pericardial window: A pericardial window is a surgical procedure used to create a communication between the pericardial sac and the pleural space, typically performed in cases of recurrent pericardial effusion or tamponade to prevent fluid re-accumulation. It is not indicated for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

D. Synchronized electrical cardioversion: Synchronized electrical cardioversion is a procedure used to restore normal sinus rhythm in patients with certain types of cardiac arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. It is not typically indicated for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, although patients with HCM may develop arrhythmias as a complication.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Poor functional ability: While poor functional ability may impact the overall prognosis and quality of life for a client with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), it is not directly associated with a high mortality rate. Functional ability can be improved with rehabilitation and supportive care.

B. Rebleeding of the injury: Rebleeding of the SAH is a significant risk factor associated with a high mortality rate. Rebleeding can lead to increased intracranial pressure, worsening neurological deficits, and even death. Preventing rebleeding is a critical aspect of managing SAH to improve outcomes.

C. Decreased cerebrospinal fluid: Decreased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may indicate conditions such as hydrocephalus, which can complicate the management of SAH. However, it is not directly associated with a high mortality rate compared to rebleeding.

D. Use of nimodipine: Nimodipine is a calcium channel blocker commonly used in the management of SAH to prevent cerebral vasospasm, which can lead to ischemia and worsen outcomes. While nimodipine plays a role in improving outcomes by preventing vasospasm, its use is not directly associated with mortality rates.

A. "l can't eat as much as I used to." B. "l get dizzy when I nod my head." C. "l wash my hair every other day." D. "I walk my dog at least twice a day."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I can't eat as much as I used to": While changes in eating habits may be related to various factors, such as appetite changes or difficulty chewing/swallowing, this statement does not specifically indicate how hearing loss affects the client's ability to perform ADLs.

B. "I get dizzy when I nod my head": This statement suggests that the client is experiencing dizziness, which could be related to hearing loss affecting their sense of balance. Dizziness can significantly impact the client's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) safely, such as walking, cooking, or bathing, as it increases the risk of falls and injury.

C. "I wash my hair every other day": This statement describes a personal hygiene habit and does not directly indicate how hearing loss affects the client's ability to perform ADLs.

D. "I walk my dog at least twice a day": This statement describes an activity the client engages in and does not directly indicate how hearing loss affects the client's ability to perform ADLs. Walking a dog does not necessarily require hearing ability, as it primarily involves physical movement and visual observation.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypertrophic cardiomyopathy that has not improved after pharmacologic treatment. Which of the following procedures should the nurse anticipate the health care provider ordering?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assisting with planning care for a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Which of the following relates to a high mortality rate for a client who has an SAH?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who reports hearing loss. Which of the following statements indicates that the hearing loss is affecting the client's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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