A nurse is planning care for a 2-month-old infant following a surgical procedure. Which of the following pain rating scales should the nurse plan to use to determine the infant's level of pain?
PANAD scale
OUCHER scale
FLACC scale
FACE Scale
The Correct Answer is C
The appropriate pain rating scale to use for a 2-month-old infant is the FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scale. The FLACC scale is commonly used for infants and young children who are unable to self-report their pain. It assesses facial expression, leg movement, activity level, cry, and ability to be consoled. Each category is scored on a scale of 0 to 2, and the total score provides an indication of the infant's pain level.
The PANAD scale and OUCHER scale are more commonly used for older children, while the FACE scale is specific to assessing pain in individuals with cognitive impairments.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The hepatitis B vaccine is typically administered to newborns shortly after birth, usually within 24 hours.
The measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine is typically given between 12 and 15 months of age, not at 6 months.
The first dose of the diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP) vaccine is usually given at 2 months of age, not at the 2-week visit.
The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is typically given in a series, starting at 2 months of age, and is completed by the age of 12-15 months. It is not given specifically on the first birthday.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
It is important to recognize that picky eating is a common behavior among preschool-age children and may be a normal part of their development. Children at this age often exhibit preferences for certain foods and may be resistant to trying new foods or eating a wide variety of foods. It is important for parents to understand that this behavior is generally temporary and will likely improve over time.
The nurse should reassure the mother that it is normal for young children to have fluctuations in their appetite and food preferences. Encouraging a positive mealtime environment and offering a variety of healthy foods is important, but pressuring or forcing the child to eat can lead to negative associations with food and mealtime.
Emphasizing the quantity of food consumed over the quality is not recommended, as it may promote unhealthy eating habits. It is important to prioritize offering a balanced diet with a variety of nutrient-rich foods.
Adding fruit juice to the child's diet to increase vitamin intake is not recommended as the primary strategy. Fruit juice is often high in sugar and low in fiber, and excessive consumption can contribute to poor eating habits and dental caries. It is better to focus on offering whole fruits and vegetables for their nutritional benefits.
Having the child remain at the table after meals to increase food intake is not recommended either. It is important to respect the child's appetite and avoid creating negative associations with mealtime. Forcing a child to stay at the table can increase mealtime stress and may further reinforce picky eating behaviors.
Overall, the nurse should provide reassurance to the mother, promote a positive mealtime environment, offer a variety of healthy foods, and allow the child to regulate their own food intake.
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