A nurse is planning a teaching for a group of clients about defense mechanisms. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select All that Apply.)

A. Listening attentively and summarizing the client's comments are key techniques in developing a therapeutic relationship, as they demonstrate understanding, empathy, and engagement.

B. Asking questions that elicit only one-word responses limits the depth of conversation and does not encourage clients to express their feelings or concerns.

C. Avoiding direct questions about suicidal behaviors or thoughts is not appropriate, as addressing these concerns directly is crucial in assessing and ensuring client safety.

D. Allowing the client’s family to attend all group therapies may not always be appropriate, as it could impede the client’s ability to express themselves freely and might not be suitable for all therapeutic settings.

Rationale:

A. Protein intake should be limited in clients with CKD to reduce the burden on the kidneys, as excessive protein can accelerate kidney damage.

B. Caloric intake typically needs to be adequate to meet energy requirements, not necessarily limited unless advised by a healthcare provider based on specific health needs.

C. Sodium intake should be restricted to prevent fluid retention and hypertension, which can worsen kidney function.

D. Phosphorous should be limited to avoid hyperphosphatemia, which can lead to bone and cardiovascular problems in CKD patients.

E. Calcium intake is usually maintained or adjusted carefully, rather than broadly limited, to manage bone health and prevent complications associated with CKD.