A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing manifestations of alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?

Methadone

Salicylate

Benzodiazepines

Diphenhydramine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason : Methadone is an opioid used primarily for opioid maintenance therapy and to relieve severe pain, not typically for alcohol withdrawal. It does not address the specific symptoms associated with alcohol withdrawal such as seizures or delirium tremens¹.

Choice B reason : Salicylates, such as aspirin, are not used to treat alcohol withdrawal. They can increase the risk of bleeding, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, which can be a concern in individuals with a history of heavy alcohol use¹.

Choice C reason : Benzodiazepines, such as chlordiazepoxide, are the first-line treatment for alcohol withdrawal. They help reduce the risk of seizures, ease withdrawal symptoms, and can prevent the progression to more severe forms of withdrawal such as delirium tremens¹².

Choice D reason : Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine with sedative properties, but it is not a first-line medication for alcohol withdrawal. While it may provide some sedation, it does not prevent seizures or other serious complications of alcohol withdrawal¹.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason : Standard precautions are the primary strategy for the prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), standard precautions include hand hygiene and the use of personal protective equipment to prevent contact with blood and other potentially infectious materials¹. Since HCV is primarily transmitted through blood-to-blood contact, standard precautions are sufficient for routine care of patients with hepatitis C².

Choice B reason : Airborne precautions are not necessary for hepatitis C as it is not spread through the air. These precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through airborne droplet nuclei or dust particles containing the infectious agent, such as tuberculosis, measles, or chickenpox¹.

Choice C reason : Droplet precautions are also not required for hepatitis C because it is not spread through droplets in the air. Droplet precautions are used for infections that can be transmitted through large droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or during procedures such as suctioning and bronchoscopy¹.

Choice D reason : Contact precautions are not specifically required for hepatitis C unless there is a risk of blood contamination. Contact precautions are typically used for infections that are spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or the patient's environment, such as gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin, or wound infections¹.

A. Obtain a daily weight. B. Avoid foods that have a high tyramine content. C. Limit daily fluid intake. D. Follow a low sodium diet.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Monitoring daily weight can help detect early signs of lithium toxicity, as sudden weight gain may indicate fluid retention, which is a concern with lithium treatment. It is important for clients to monitor their weight regularly to ensure no significant fluctuations occur that could suggest adverse effects⁴.

Choice B reason: Avoiding foods with high tyramine content is not specifically related to lithium therapy. This dietary restriction is more commonly associated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), a different class of psychiatric medications. Lithium does not interact with tyramine in the same way⁴.

Choice C reason: Limiting daily fluid intake is not recommended for clients taking lithium unless otherwise directed by a healthcare provider. Adequate fluid intake is essential to prevent dehydration, which can increase lithium levels and the risk of toxicity. Clients should maintain a consistent intake of fluids unless they have a condition that requires fluid restriction⁴⁵.

Choice D reason: Following a low sodium diet is not advised for clients on lithium therapy. Lithium is processed in the body similarly to sodium, so if sodium levels are too low, lithium retention may increase, leading to toxicity. Clients should maintain a consistent, adequate intake of sodium to prevent fluctuations in lithium levels⁴.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing manifestations of alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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