A nurse is performing an eye examination on a client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might have cataracts?

Loss of central vision

Increased intraocular pressure

Decrease in peripheral vision

A bluish-white colored pupil

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Loss of central vision: While loss of central vision can occur with various eye conditions, such as age-related macular degeneration, it is not specific to cataracts. Cataracts typically cause clouding of the lens, leading to blurred or dimmed vision rather than loss of central vision.
B. Increased intraocular pressure: Increased intraocular pressure is characteristic of conditions such as glaucoma, not cataracts. Cataracts involve clouding of the lens rather than elevated pressure within the eye.
C. Decrease in peripheral vision: Decreased peripheral vision is associated with conditions like retinitis pigmentosa or glaucoma but is not a typical finding in cataracts. Cataracts primarily affect visual acuity and clarity rather than peripheral vision.
D. A bluish-white colored pupil: A bluish-white appearance of the pupil, known as leukocoria or a white pupil reflex, can be indicative of cataracts. It occurs due to light scattering by the cloudy lens of the eye, resulting in an abnormal reflection from the pupil. This finding is characteristic of cataracts and warrants further evaluation by an ophthalmologist.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Place the patch on your upper arm": Transdermal scopolamine patches are typically applied behind the ear, not on the upper arm. Placing the patch behind the ear allows for optimal absorption of the medication through the skin.
B. "Replace a dislodged patch onto the same location": If the patch becomes dislodged, it should not be reattached. Instead, a new patch should be applied to a different area behind the ear to prevent skin irritation and ensure continuous drug delivery.
C. "Apply the patch prior to traveling": This is the correct instruction. Transdermal scopolamine patches are applied to the skin at least 4 hours before travel to prevent motion sickness during the journey. Applying the patch in advance allows time for the medication to be absorbed into the bloodstream and provide effective symptom relief.
D. "Store unused patches in the refrigerator": Transdermal scopolamine patches do not typically require refrigeration. They should be stored at room temperature in a cool, dry place. Refrigeration may alter the integrity of the patch and affect its effectiveness.

A. Contact B. Airborne C. Protective environment D. Droplet

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Contact precautions are used for infections transmitted by direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment. Examples include MRSA, C. difficile, and other multidrug-resistant organisms.
B. Airborne precautions are used for infections transmitted by small droplets that remain suspended in the air and can be inhaled. Examples include tuberculosis (TB), measles, and chickenpox (varicella).
C. Protective environment precautions are typically used for clients with compromised immune systems, such as those undergoing stem cell transplants, to protect them from environmental pathogens.
D. Droplet precautions are used for infections transmitted by large respiratory droplets that can travel up to approximately 3 feet. Examples include bacterial meningitis, influenza, and pertussis. Therefore, the nurse should initiate droplet precautions for the school-age child with bacterial meningitis.

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A nurse is performing an eye examination on a client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might have cataracts?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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