A nurse is performing an eye examination on a client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might have cataracts?

Loss of central vision

Increased intraocular pressure

Decrease in peripheral vision

A bluish-white colored pupil

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Loss of central vision: While loss of central vision can occur with various eye conditions, such as age-related macular degeneration, it is not specific to cataracts. Cataracts typically cause clouding of the lens, leading to blurred or dimmed vision rather than loss of central vision.
B. Increased intraocular pressure: Increased intraocular pressure is characteristic of conditions such as glaucoma, not cataracts. Cataracts involve clouding of the lens rather than elevated pressure within the eye.
C. Decrease in peripheral vision: Decreased peripheral vision is associated with conditions like retinitis pigmentosa or glaucoma but is not a typical finding in cataracts. Cataracts primarily affect visual acuity and clarity rather than peripheral vision.
D. A bluish-white colored pupil: A bluish-white appearance of the pupil, known as leukocoria or a white pupil reflex, can be indicative of cataracts. It occurs due to light scattering by the cloudy lens of the eye, resulting in an abnormal reflection from the pupil. This finding is characteristic of cataracts and warrants further evaluation by an ophthalmologist.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "I will take the medication in the morning." - Metformin extended-release tablets are typically taken with the evening meal to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it in the morning may increase the risk of side effects during the day.
B. "I will avoid crushing this medication." - Metformin extended-release tablets should not be crushed, chewed, or broken, as doing so can disrupt the extended-release mechanism, leading to an increased risk of adverse effects or decreased efficacy.
C. "I will take the medication on an empty stomach." - While metformin can be taken with or without food, it is generally recommended to take it with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it on an empty stomach may increase the risk of nausea or upset stomach.
D. "I will expect to gain weight." - Weight loss is a common side effect of metformin, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, expecting weight gain would indicate a misunderstanding of the medication's effects.

A. Activate the fire alarm system. B. Evacuate clients from the area. C. Obtain and use a fire extinguisher. D. Close the doors and windows on the unit.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Answer: B

Rationale:

A) Activate the fire alarm system:

While activating the fire alarm system is essential in alerting everyone to the fire, the immediate safety of the clients must be prioritized first. Ensuring clients are safe from potential harm should precede alerting others.

B) Evacuate clients from the area:

Evacuating clients from the area is the first priority as it directly ensures their safety. In the event of a fire, removing individuals from the source of danger is crucial to prevent injury or harm.

C) Obtain and use a fire extinguisher:

Using a fire extinguisher to put out the fire is important, but it should not be the first action. Ensuring clients are evacuated to safety must take precedence before attempting to control the fire.

D) Close the doors and windows on the unit:

Closing doors and windows can help contain the fire and smoke, but this should follow the evacuation of clients. The primary concern is to get clients to a safe area first before taking measures to contain the fire.

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A nurse is performing an eye examination on a client. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client might have cataracts?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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