A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a transfusion of packed RBCs.
The client reports chills, headache, low-back pain, and a feeling of "tightness" in his chest.
The nurse should identify that the client has developed which of the following types of transfusion reactions?
Allergic.
Febrile nonhemolytic.
Acute hemolytic.
Bacterial.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Allergic transfusion reactions are characterized by symptoms such as hives, itching, and shortness of breath. While allergic reactions can cause discomfort, they do not typically present with the symptoms described in the scenario, such as chills, headache, low-back pain, and chest tightness.
Choice B rationale:
Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are characterized by fever and chills, but they do not usually cause headache, low-back pain, or chest tightness. These reactions occur due to antibodies against donor leukocytes or platelets.
Choice C rationale:
Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions occur when there is a mismatch in blood type between the donor and recipient, leading to rapid destruction of transfused red blood cells. This reaction can cause symptoms such as chills, fever, low-back pain, chest tightness, and hemoglobinuria (presence of hemoglobin in the urine) It is a medical emergency that requires immediate cessation of the transfusion, supportive care, and treatment for potential complications such as acute kidney injury.
Choice D rationale:
Bacterial transfusion reactions occur due to bacterial contamination of the blood product. These reactions can cause symptoms such as fever, chills, hypotension, and shock. While bacterial transfusion reactions can be serious, the symptoms described in the scenario, including headache and low-back pain, are not typically associated with this type of reaction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J"]
Explanation
Client rates lower back pain a 0 on a scale from 0 to 10. No reports of vaginal discharge.
Membranes intact.
No uterine contractions noted.
FHR baseline 138, with minimal variability. No further reports of burning with urination.
Laboratory Results: WBC 12,000/mm3 (within the normal range of 5,000 to 10,000/mm3). Platelet count 188,000/mm3 (within the normal range of 150,000 to 400,000/mm3).
Vital Signs: Temperature 37.1°C (98.7°F), Blood pressure 120/78 mm Hg.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Watery stool is not indicative of paralytic ileus. Paralytic ileus is a condition characterized by the inhibition of bowel peristalsis, leading to symptoms such as abdominal distention, constipation, and lack of bowel sounds.
Choice B rationale:
Dizziness is not a specific symptom of paralytic ileus. Dizziness can be caused by various factors and is not directly related to the gastrointestinal condition.
Choice C rationale:
Abdominal distention is the correct choice. Paralytic ileus often presents with abdominal distention due to the accumulation of gas and fluids in the intestines. This distention can cause discomfort and a visible increase in the size of the abdomen.
Choice D rationale:
Oliguria, a decreased urine output, is not a typical symptom of paralytic ileus. It is more indicative of kidney-related issues or dehydration rather than gastrointestinal problems.
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