A nurse is initiating bladder retraining for a client who has urge urinary incontinence. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?
"Decrease your intake of cranberry juice."
"Limit your fluid intake to 500 milliliters per day."
"Plan to urinate every 3 hours while you are awake."
"Take your diuretic medication with your evening meal."
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. "Decrease your intake of cranberry juice.": Cranberry juice is not known to worsen urge incontinence. It is more commonly used for urinary tract health. There is no need to reduce it unless the client finds it personally irritating.
B. "Limit your fluid intake to 500 milliliters per day.": Severely restricting fluids can lead to dehydration and concentrated urine, which may irritate the bladder and worsen incontinence. Adequate hydration is essential for bladder health.
C. "Plan to urinate every 3 hours while you are awake.": Scheduled voiding helps retrain the bladder by establishing regular emptying times and reducing urgency. Over time, this improves bladder control and reduces incontinence episodes.
D. "Take your diuretic medication with your evening meal.": Diuretics should be taken in the morning to avoid nocturia and sleep disturbances. Evening dosing increases the risk of nighttime incontinence due to increased urine production during sleep.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Begin each feeding using the same breast.": It's recommended to alternate breasts between feedings to ensure both breasts are emptied regularly. This helps maintain milk production and prevents engorgement or blocked ducts.
B. "Supplement breastfeedings with water every 12 hours.": Newborns do not require supplemental water. Breast milk provides all the necessary hydration and nutrients for the infant’s needs, even in hot weather.
C. "Offer your infant the breast when he shows signs of hunger.": Feeding on demand based on hunger cues—such as rooting, sucking motions, or hand-to-mouth activity—supports adequate nutrition, growth, and milk supply.
D. "Limit the time your infant feeds to 10 minutes on each breast.": Feeding should not be time-restricted. Infants should be allowed to feed until they are satisfied, as some may take longer to extract enough milk, especially in the early weeks.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Anemia: End-stage kidney disease reduces erythropoietin production by the kidneys, which impairs red blood cell formation in the bone marrow. This often leads to normocytic, normochromic anemia in affected clients.
B. Oliguria: As kidney function declines, urine output diminishes. Oliguria, defined as urine output less than 400 mL/day, is a common clinical feature of advanced kidney failure due to decreased glomerular filtration.
C. Hypotension: Clients with end-stage kidney disease more commonly experience hypertension due to fluid overload and impaired renin-angiotensin-aldosterone regulation. Hypotension may occur during dialysis but is not a typical baseline finding.
D. Bradypnea: Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis in kidney disease typically results in tachypnea, not bradypnea. The body increases respiratory rate to blow off excess CO₂ and correct the acid-base imbalance.
E. Edema: Impaired fluid excretion leads to sodium and water retention, resulting in peripheral, facial, or pulmonary edema. This is a hallmark feature of volume overload in chronic kidney disease.
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