A nurse is teaching a client who was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
"I will drink half of a cup of fruit juice when I feel shaky and weak."
"I will soak my feet in water before applying lotion between my toes."
"I will skip a snack if I'm not hungry after lunch."
"I will only go without socks and shoes when I am in my home."
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. "I will drink half of a cup of fruit juice when I feel shaky and weak.": Shakiness and weakness are early signs of low blood glucose, and consuming 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate like ½ cup of fruit juice is an appropriate immediate response.
B. "I will soak my feet in water before applying lotion between my toes.": Diabetic clients should avoid soaking their feet due to the risk of skin maceration and infection. Lotion should not be applied between the toes, as this can promote fungal growth in a moist environment.
C. "I will skip a snack if I'm not hungry after lunch.": Skipping snacks can lead to hypoglycemia, especially if insulin has been administered. Even when not hungry, small carbohydrate intake may be necessary depending on the insulin regimen and activity level.
D. "I will only go without socks and shoes when I am in my home.": Diabetic clients should always wear protective footwear, even at home, to avoid undetected foot injuries that can lead to ulcers or infections due to impaired sensation and circulation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. "Your child can return to school once the fever has subsided.": The absence of fever does not indicate the child is no longer contagious. The child can still transmit the varicella-zoster virus until all lesions have crusted, even if fever has resolved.
B. "Your child can return to school after a negative titer result.": Titer testing is not used to determine contagiousness in active varicella infection. It is typically used to confirm immunity, especially after vaccination or past exposure.
C. "Your child can return to school once the lesions have crusted over.": Varicella is contagious until all lesions have crusted, which usually occurs about 5–7 days after the onset of rash. Crusting marks the end of the infectious period, making it safe for the child to return to school.
D. "Your child can return to school 24 hours after beginning antibiotics.": Varicella is a viral illness, not treated with antibiotics unless there is a secondary bacterial infection. Antibiotics do not impact the contagious period of the viral illness.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Measure the client's apical pulse while another nurse measures their radial pulse: Assessing for a pulse deficit involves comparing the apical and radial pulses simultaneously. A difference between the two indicates that not all heartbeats are reaching peripheral circulation, often seen in arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation.
B. After inflation, deflate a blood pressure cuff on the client's arm while palpating their brachial pulse: This method is used for measuring blood pressure, not for identifying pulse deficits. It does not provide information on the difference between central and peripheral pulse rates.
C. Compare the client's carotid pulse while resting to their carotid pulse after standing for 1 min: This assesses for orthostatic changes, not pulse deficit. Pulse deficit requires comparison of apical and radial pulses, not positional changes in carotid pulse strength or rate.
D. Assess both of the client's radial pulses at the same time and compare the quality of pulsations: Comparing bilateral radial pulses helps detect differences in circulation or vessel obstruction but does not assess for a pulse deficit, which specifically involves apical-radial pulse comparison.
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