A nurse is evaluating a client's laboratory results. The nurse should recognize that an increase in the client's prostate-specific antigen (PSA) laboratory value is indicative of which of the following diagnoses?
Prostatic cancer
Colon cancer
Liver cancer
Breast cancer
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: An increased prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is primarily indicative of prostatic conditions, including prostate cancer. PSA is a protein produced by both normal and malignant cells of the prostate gland. Elevated PSA levels can be a sign of prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or prostatitis. It is an important marker used in the screening and monitoring of prostate cancer.
Choice B reason: Colon cancer does not typically result in elevated PSA levels. Instead, colon cancer is often associated with markers like carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). PSA is specific to prostate tissue, and its elevation is not related to colon cancer.
Choice C reason: Liver cancer is not associated with increased PSA levels. Liver function tests, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and imaging studies are more relevant in the diagnosis and monitoring of liver cancer. PSA levels do not provide information about liver cancer.
Choice D reason: Breast cancer does not affect PSA levels. Breast cancer markers include CA 15-3, CA 27.29, and others specific to breast tissue. PSA is a prostate-specific marker and is not used in the context of breast cancer diagnosis or monitoring.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Macaroni and cheese is high in fat due to the cheese content, which can exacerbate symptoms of cholecystitis. Patients with cholecystitis should avoid high-fat foods to prevent gallbladder irritation.
Choice B reason: Roast turkey, if prepared without added fats, is a lean protein option that is suitable for a cholecystitis diet. It provides necessary nutrients without the high fat content that could trigger symptoms.
Choice C reason: Ice cream is high in fat and sugar, making it unsuitable for someone with cholecystitis. High-fat foods can lead to increased bile production and gallbladder contractions, causing pain and discomfort.
Choice D reason: Creamed chicken typically contains high amounts of fat from cream, which should be avoided by cholecystitis patients to prevent aggravating their condition.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Securing the drain to the client's bed sheet is not appropriate as it does not ensure the drain is properly secured and could lead to accidental dislodgement.
Choice B reason: Measuring the drainage every hour for the first 8 hours is not standard practice. Usually, drainage measurement frequency is less frequent unless there are specific clinical concerns.
Choice C reason: Removing the JP drain should be done according to medical orders, and typically the nurse would not make the decision independently. The JP drain is usually removed when the output decreases to a minimal level and the surgeon orders its removal.
Choice D reason: Expelling the air from the JP bulb after emptying is the correct action to re-establish suction, which is necessary for the drain to function effectively.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.