A nurse is evaluating a client's laboratory results. The nurse should recognize that an increase in the client's prostate-specific antigen (PSA) laboratory value is indicative of which of the following diagnoses?

Choice A reason: The statement that the tube is a routine standard following this type of surgery is too vague and does not provide the client with specific information about the purpose of the NG tube. Providing clear and specific reasons for medical interventions helps improve client understanding and comfort.
Choice B reason: While NG tubes can be used for nutritional support, this is not typically their primary purpose in the immediate postoperative period for colectomy patients. The main purpose is usually decompression, not nutrition.
Choice C reason: Telling the client that the tube can be explained once they are stable after surgery does not adequately address the client's need for information before the procedure. It is essential to provide clear and accurate information beforehand to reduce anxiety and promote informed consent.
Choice D reason: This is the correct answer because it clearly explains the primary purpose of a large-bore NG tube after a colectomy, which is to remove gas and fluid from the stomach to prevent distension and complications such as nausea, vomiting, and aspiration.

Choice A reason: Impaired skin integrity is a significant risk due to the constant exposure of the skin around the stoma to urine, which can lead to irritation and breakdown. Proper skin care and stoma care are essential to prevent complications.
Choice B reason: Disturbed body image is also a risk as the client adjusts to the physical changes and the presence of a stoma, which can impact self-esteem and body perception.
Choice C reason: Fluid volume deficit can occur if the client does not maintain adequate fluid intake or if there is significant leakage from the stoma. Monitoring fluid balance is crucial.
Choice D reason: Anxiety is common as clients adapt to managing a new ostomy, worrying about potential complications, and coping with changes in body function.
Choice E reason: Infection is a risk due to the exposure of the stoma and surrounding skin to bacteria from the urine. Proper hygiene and care are vital to prevent infections.