Which measurement would provide the most specific information about the outcome of a paracentesis for a patient who has ascites?

Choice A reason: Hyperactive bowel sounds are not typically associated with peritonitis. Instead, peritonitis often leads to decreased or absent bowel sounds due to the inflammation and subsequent ileus (paralysis of the bowel), which slows down or halts peristalsis.
Choice B reason: Increased urinary output is not a common symptom of peritonitis. In fact, peritonitis can sometimes result in reduced urine output due to the body's response to infection and inflammation, which can affect kidney function.
Choice C reason: Frequent bowel movements are not characteristic of peritonitis. The inflammation in the peritoneal cavity often leads to bowel paralysis, resulting in decreased bowel movements rather than increased frequency.
Choice D reason: A rigid abdomen is a hallmark sign of peritonitis. The rigidity is due to the body's protective response to the severe inflammation in the peritoneal cavity, causing the abdominal muscles to tighten and become hard. This clinical sign, along with severe pain, can help healthcare providers diagnose peritonitis.

Choice A reason: Dumping syndrome is a common complication after a gastroduodenostomy, where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine. Symptoms such as weakness, sweating, palpitations, and dizziness shortly after eating are typical indicators of this condition. This happens because the rapid passage of food causes fluid shifts in the body and a release of gut hormones that can lead to the symptoms experienced.
Choice B reason: Bile reflux gastritis involves the backflow of bile into the stomach, which can cause inflammation and discomfort. However, it does not typically present with the acute symptoms described in this scenario, such as weakness and dizziness shortly after eating. Symptoms of bile reflux gastritis usually include chronic pain, nausea, and vomiting.
Choice C reason: Postprandial hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop significantly after eating. While it can cause symptoms like dizziness and weakness, it typically occurs a few hours after a meal, not 15 minutes post-consumption. The timing of the symptoms described aligns more with dumping syndrome.
Choice D reason: Malnutrition refers to the lack of proper nutrition caused by not having enough food or not eating the right things. It does not typically present with acute symptoms like those described in the question. Chronic symptoms of malnutrition include weight loss, fatigue, and weakness over a longer period.