A nurse is educating a group of teenagers about warning signs of suicide. Which of the following signs should the nurse emphasize as potential indicators of suicidal ideation? (Select three.).

The client has a subjective state with limited personal choices.

Choice A rationale:

The client is at risk for self-inflicted, life-threatening injury. This choice does not accurately define the nursing diagnosis of "Hopelessness." While it is true that hopelessness can lead to self-harm or suicide, the nursing diagnosis focuses on the client's emotional state and personal choices rather than the immediate risk of injury.

Choice B rationale:

The client has a subjective state with limited personal choices. This choice accurately defines the nursing diagnosis of "Hopelessness." Hopelessness refers to the client's emotional state of feeling devoid of hope, often resulting in a perceived lack of personal choices and options. This sense of hopelessness can contribute to feelings of despair and potentially suicidal ideation.

Choice C rationale:

The client is unable to cope with stressors. This choice is not the most accurate definition of "Hopelessness." While hopelessness can certainly impact a client's ability to cope with stressors, the primary focus of the diagnosis is on the subjective emotional state and perceived lack of choices, rather than their coping abilities.

Choice D rationale:

The client experiences compromised family coping. This choice is not directly related to the nursing diagnosis of "Hopelessness." Family coping refers to how a family unit manages stressors together, whereas hopelessness pertains to an individual's emotional state and perceived choices.

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Choice A rationale:

Being extroverted is not a common risk factor associated with suicide and suicidal ideation. Extroverted individuals typically have strong social interactions and connections, which are often considered protective factors against suicide.

Choice B rationale:

Having strong family support is not a common risk factor for suicide. In fact, strong family support is generally considered a protective factor that can mitigate the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Close familial relationships can provide emotional support and a sense of belonging.

Choice C rationale:

Experiencing chronic physical illness is a common risk factor for suicide. Chronic physical illness can lead to prolonged suffering, decreased quality of life, and feelings of hopelessness, which are all associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation.

Choice D rationale:

Having a history of positive life events is not a common risk factor for suicide. Positive life events are more likely to act as protective factors against suicide, as they contribute to an individual's overall well-being and resilience.

Choice E rationale:

Suffering from a substance use disorder is a common risk factor for suicide. Substance abuse can impair judgment, increase impulsivity, exacerbate emotional distress, and weaken the individual's ability to cope effectively, all of which contribute to an elevated risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors.