A nurse is educating a group of senior citizens about the physiological changes that occur with aging.
Which of the following changes should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
Lower systolic blood pressure
Reduced bladder capacity
Increased difficulty seeing due to heightened sensitivity to glare
Dehydration of intervertebral discs
Reduced cough reflex
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale
As people age, the stiffness of the arterial system increases, leading to left ventricle hypertrophy, increased afterload on the left ventricle, and an increase in systolic blood pressure. This is a physiological change that occurs with aging.
Choice B rationale
With aging, the number of cells in the kidneys decreases markedly, which can affect the functioning of the urinary tract, including the bladder. This can lead to a reduced bladder capacity.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. As people age, they often experience a decrease in visual acuity and an increased sensitivity to glare. This can make it more difficult for older adults to see, especially in brightly lit environments.
Choice D rationale
Dehydration of intervertebral discs is a common occurrence with aging. This can lead to a decrease in height and changes in the curvature of the spine.
Choice E rationale
As people age, their cough reflex can become reduced. This can increase the risk of aspiration and pneumonia, especially in individuals with other health conditions that affect swallowing.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A wrist fracture is a physical stressor, not a psychological one. It involves damage to the body’s structures.
Choice B rationale
A burn injury, like a wrist fracture, is a physical stressor. It involves physical harm to the body.
Choice C rationale
Financial difficulties are a type of psychological stressor. They involve challenges and worries related to money, which can cause mental and emotional stress.
Choice D rationale
Hypothermia is a physical stressor. It involves a dangerously low body temperature and is a medical emergency.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Neurogenic bladder is a condition where a person lacks bladder control due to a brain, spinal cord or nerve condition. This is not the most fitting answer because the scenario does not provide information about any neurological conditions.
Choice B rationale
Urinary retention can lead to urinary tract infections. The retained urine provides a breeding ground for bacteria, which can lead to infection.
Choice C rationale
Bladder outlet obstruction is a condition where the bladder is not able to empty properly. While urinary retention could be a symptom of this condition, the scenario does not provide enough information to suggest this diagnosis.
Choice D rationale
Genitourinary System Effects is a broad term that refers to any effects on the genital and urinary systems. This is not the most fitting answer because it is less specific than Choice B2.
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