A nurse is educating a client about dantrolene (Dantrium). Which of the following statements indicate the appropriate therapeutic use of this medication?
“This medication is also used to treat malignant hyperthermia.”
“This medication is used to treat status epilepticus."
“This medication is used to treat overactive bladder
“This medication is only used to relieve muscle spasms related to muscle injury.“
The Correct Answer is A
A. Dantrolene (Dantrium) is used to treat malignant hyperthermia, a life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetic agents. It works by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells, reducing muscle rigidity and preventing further complications.
B. Dantrolene is not used for treating status epilepticus; other medications such as benzodiazepines are used for that purpose.
C. Dantrolene is not used for overactive bladder; medications like anticholinergics or beta-3 agonists are typically prescribed for this condition.
D. While dantrolene can relieve muscle spasms, it is primarily used for conditions like malignant hyperthermia and spasticity from conditions like cerebral palsy or spinal cord injury, rather than just for muscle injury.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Acetaminophen is an over-the-counter pain reliever commonly used to reduce mild to moderate pain, such as headaches or muscle aches. It does not treat osteoporosis. It may help with pain associated with bone fractures or discomfort from osteoporosis but does not impact bone density or prevent fractures.
B. Alendronate (brand name Fosamax) is a bisphosphonate used specifically to treat and prevent osteoporosis, particularly in postmenopausal women. It works by inhibiting bone resorption (the process by which bone is broken down and minerals are released into the bloodstream), thereby increasing bone density and reducing the risk of fractures.
C. Naloxone (brand name Narcan) is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdoses. It has no role in the treatment or prevention of osteoporosis. This medication is used in emergency settings to counteract respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose and should not be used for osteoporosis treatment.
D. Morphine sulfate is a narcotic analgesic used to manage severe pain. While it may be used for pain relief in individuals with osteoporosis who have experienced a fracture or severe pain, it does not treat the underlying condition of osteoporosis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Subcutaneous administration is an acceptable route for naloxone when IV access is not available.
B. Intravenous administration is an effective route for naloxone, especially in emergency situations where rapid action is needed.
D. Intramuscular administration is also effective and commonly used, especially in opioid overdose situations.
C. Naloxone should not be administered orally because it undergoes rapid first-pass metabolism in the liver, which would significantly reduce its effectiveness.
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