A nurse is discussing the importance of following a low-sodium diet with a client who has heart failure. Which of the following food items would be appropriate for this patient to choose?

Canned tomato soup and a grilled cheese sandwich

Baked turkey breast and a spinach salad dressed with olive oil

A frozen vegetarian lasagna and a caesar salad

A sandwich with deli meat and swiss cheese

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Canned tomato soup is often high in sodium, and grilled cheese sandwiches typically contain processed cheese, which is also high in sodium.
B.   A low-sodium diet is essential for managing heart failure as it helps to reduce fluid retention and decrease the workload on the heart.
C.   Frozen lasagna, especially those with a tomato sauce, can be high in sodium. Caesar salad dressing is often made with anchovies and Parmesan cheese, both of which are high in sodium.
D.   Deli meats and processed cheese are both high in sodium and should be avoided or consumed in moderation on a low-sodium diet.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Otitis media is an infection or inflammation of the middle ear. This condition primarily affects the middle ear structures and can cause conductive hearing loss, which is due to problems with sound transmission through the outer or middle ear.
B. An injury to the eardrum, such as a perforation, can lead to conductive hearing loss. This occurs because the eardrum (tympanic membrane) is crucial for transmitting sound waves from the outer ear to the middle ear. While an eardrum injury affects sound transmission, it does not directly damage the inner ear or auditory nerve, so it does not typically cause sensorineural hearing loss.
C. Exposure to loud noise is a common cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Prolonged or intense noise exposure can damage the sensory hair cells in the cochlea or the auditory nerve pathways, leading to permanent hearing loss. This type of hearing loss is due to damage in the inner ear or auditory nerve rather than the outer or middle ear structures.
D. Impacted earwax can cause conductive hearing loss by blocking sound transmission through the ear canal. This type of hearing loss is due to a blockage and is usually reversible once the wax is removed. It does not cause sensorineural hearing loss, which involves damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve.

A. Phacoemulsification B. Extracapsular cataract extraction C. Cochlear implant D. Surgical iridectomy

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Phacoemulsification is a procedure used to remove cataracts from the eye. It involves using ultrasound waves to break up the cloudy lens (cataract) into small fragments, which are then suctioned out. While this procedure is relevant for cataract treatment, it does not address the acute management of angle-closure glaucoma.
B. Extracapsular cataract extraction is a surgical procedure to remove a cataract from the eye by making an incision and extracting the lens in one piece or in large segments. Like phacoemulsification, this procedure is focused on cataract removal and does not directly treat the underlying issue of acute angle-closure glaucoma.
C. A cochlear implant is a device used to provide a sense of sound to individuals with severe hearing loss or deafness. This procedure is unrelated to the treatment of eye conditions or intraocular pressure and therefore is not appropriate for managing primary angle-closure glaucoma.
D. Surgical iridectomy is a procedure specifically aimed at treating angle-closure glaucoma. It involves creating a small hole (iridectomy) in the peripheral iris to allow aqueous humor to flow from the posterior chamber of the eye to the anterior chamber, bypassing the obstructed drainage angle.

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A nurse is discussing the importance of following a low-sodium diet with a client who has heart failure. Which of the following food items would be appropriate for this patient to choose?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following clients is at risk for sensorineural hearing loss?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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