A client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease asks the nurse "Why did I develop this disease? What caused it?" Which response should the nurse provide?

"It develops due to an autoimmune reaction after a recent infection."

"The exact cause is unknown, but it's thought to involve a combination of genetics and environmental factors."

"The cause is thought to be reactivation of a virus in cranial nerve VII."

"It is caused by demyelination of nerves in the brain and spinal cord."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Parkinson's disease is not generally considered to be caused by an autoimmune reaction or a recent infection. Autoimmune reactions leading to neurodegeneration are more commonly associated with other conditions such as multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease.
B. The exact cause of Parkinson's disease is indeed unknown, but research suggests that it results from a combination of genetic predispositions and environmental factors. Genetic mutations may contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease in some individuals, while environmental factors such as exposure to certain toxins or other external influences might also play a role. The interplay between these factors is still being studied.
C. There is no evidence to support the idea that Parkinson's disease is caused by the reactivation of a virus affecting cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve). Parkinson's disease involves the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, not specifically related to viral reactivation or isolated to cranial nerve VII.
D. Demyelination of nerves is characteristic of multiple sclerosis, not Parkinson's disease. In Parkinson's disease, the primary issue is the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain, not demyelination. This option describes a different pathological process unrelated to Parkinson's disease.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Raw vegetables can be challenging for individuals with myasthenia gravis because they require significant chewing and can lead to fatigue of the jaw muscles. Additionally, raw vegetables can be difficult to swallow if there is significant weakness.
B. Granola bars can be hard and require extensive chewing. For a person with myasthenia gravis, the effort needed to chew and swallow these bars can lead to increased fatigue and difficulty managing meals.
C. Macaroni and cheese is a softer food that requires less chewing compared to raw vegetables or granola bars. It can be easier for individuals with myasthenia gravis to manage because it is soft and less likely to cause fatigue. Additionally, it can be enriched with nutrients and is easier to swallow, making it a more appropriate choice for a nutritional plan for someone with MG.
D. Dried fruit is typically tough and chewy, which can be difficult for someone with myasthenia gravis to handle. The chewing effort required can lead to muscle fatigue and discomfort.

A. Gallstones B. Urinary tract infection C. Hypotension D. Osteoporosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Gallstones are formed in the gallbladder and are not directly related to PKD.

B. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys. These cysts can obstruct the flow of urine, making it easier for bacteria to grow and cause a urinary tract infection (UTI).
C. Hypotension is low blood pressure. While PKD can lead to kidney failure, which can cause hypotension, it is not a common complication.
D. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weak bones. While PKD can lead to kidney failure, which can affect calcium metabolism and contribute to osteoporosis, it is not a common complication.

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A client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease asks the nurse "Why did I develop this disease? What caused it?" Which response should the nurse provide?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. When creating the nutritional plan of care for the client, which of the following foods would be appropriate to include?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following is a common complication of polycystic kidney disease?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a group of older adults about the signs and symptoms of a myocardial infarction. Which of the following is not a sign of a myocardial infarction?

A client with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is undergoing photodynamic therapy with the medication Verteporfin. What should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for this client?

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A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease and notes that the client has small crystals on his forehead. The nurse understands that this manifestation is a result of an excess of which substance in the body?

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A client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease asks the nurse "Why did I develop this disease? What caused it?" Which response should the nurse provide?