A nurse in an emergency department (ED) is admitting a client.
Exhibits
Select 4 findings in the client's medical record that place them at risk for pneumonia.
Pneumococcal vaccine
Level of consciousness
Influenza vaccine
Health history
Fluid intake
Age
Smoking history
Correct Answer : B,D,E,F
A. Pneumococcal vaccine → Not having it increases risk, but the option itself (“Pneumococcal vaccine”) is misleading; risk comes from lack of vaccine, not its presence.
B. Level of consciousness → Client is lethargic and has difficulty answering questions, which can increase risk of aspiration and reduce effective airway clearance.
C. Influenza vaccine → Similarly, not getting the vaccine is a risk, but the option is phrased as “Influenza vaccine,” which is protective, not a risk factor.
D. Health history → Lack of pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations increases susceptibility to respiratory infections.
E. Fluid intake → Client reports reduced fluid intake, leading to thickened secretions, impaired mucociliary clearance, and higher risk of pneumonia.
F. Age → Middle-aged and older adults are at higher risk for pneumonia due to decreased physiologic reserve.
G. Smoking history → Smoking history is incorrect. While a history of smoking, or exposure to second-hand smoke, increases a client’s risk of contracting community-acquired pneumonia, the client reports no smoking history.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels are not typically affected by alcohol or acetaminophen use.
B. Amylase levels are related to pancreatic function and are not specifically affected by alcohol or acetaminophen use.
C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is a liver enzyme that can be elevated in alcohol-induced liver damage and acetaminophen toxicity.
D. Creatinine levels assess kidney function and are not typically affected by alcohol or acetaminophen use to the extent that AST levels are.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A PT of 45 seconds is prolonged and indicates a potential risk of bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation with warfarin. The nurse should notify the provider for further evaluation and adjustment of the warfarin dosage.
B. Platelets within the normal range (150,000-400,000/mm3) are adequate and do not require immediate provider notification.
C. Hematocrit of 44% is within the normal range for adults and does not indicate an urgent need for provider notification.
D. Hemoglobin of 16 g/dL is within the normal range for adults and does not require immediate provider notification.
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