A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse.

Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (Select all that apply)

Decreased percentage of body fat.

Multiple health problems.

Increased rate of absorption.

Polypharmacy.

Decreased renal function.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Older adults are at higher risk of adverse drug reactions due to multiple health problems, polypharmacy, and decreased renal function.

These factors can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pain medications and increase the likelihood of drug interactions, overdosage, or toxicity.

Choice A is wrong because the decreased percentage of body fat does not increase the risk of adverse drug reactions in older adults.

In fact, an increased percentage of body fat can alter the distribution and elimination of some drugs.

Choice C is wrong because an increased rate of absorption does not increase the risk of adverse drug reactions in older adults.

In fact, decreased rate of absorption can occur due to reduced gastric motility and blood flow.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This is because TB is caused by a bacterium that can develop resistance to single-drug therapy, so a combination of drugs is used to prevent or treat drug-resistant strains. Some of the common drugs used for TB are isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.

Choice A is wrong because the duration of treatment for active TB is usually 6 to 9 months, not 3 years.

Choice B is wrong because tuberculin skin tests are not reliable indicators of disease activity or response to treatment, as they can remain positive for years after successful therapy.

Choice C is wrong because blood tests to monitor kidney function are not routinely required for TB treatment unless the client has a preexisting renal impairment or is taking drugs that are nephrotoxic.

A. Plan to self-administer this medication for the next 6 months. B. Administer the medication into one nostril once per week. C. Lie down for 1 hour after administering the medication. D. Use a nasal decongestant 15 minutes before the medication if you have a stuffy nose.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This is the recommended dosage for cyanocobalamin nasal spray for pernicious anaemia and vitamin B12 deficiency. Cyanocobalamin nasal gel is used to prevent a lack of vitamin B12 that may be caused by various factors.

Choice A is wrong because the duration of treatment depends on the individual’s response and blood levels of vitaminB. Some people may need to use this medication for longer than 6 months.

Choice C is wrong because there is no need to lie down for 1 hour after administering the medication.

This may cause nasal irritation or drainage.

Choice D is wrong because using a nasal decongestant 15 minutes before the medication may interfere with the absorption of cyanocobalamin. If you have a stuffy nose, you should talk to your doctor about alternative ways to take vitaminB.

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A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis about management of medication for the disease. Which of the following statements is appropriate for the nurse to make?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

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A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse.

Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (Select all that apply)