A nurse is completing discharge planning for a client who has bacterial endocarditis. The client will need to receive 12 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Which of the following venous access devices should the nurse identify as appropriate for the client?

Arteriovenous fistula

Implanted infusion port

Short peripheral catheter

Peripherally inserted central catheter

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. An arteriovenous fistula is used for dialysis, not for long-term antibiotic therapy.
B. An implanted infusion port is suitable for long-term therapy but is typically used for medications that require infusions over weeks or months rather than prolonged IV therapy.
C. A short peripheral catheter is not appropriate for extended therapy due to the risk of thrombophlebitis and infiltration.
D. A peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is appropriate for long-term intravenous antibiotic therapy as it provides reliable access and reduces the risk of complications associated with extended peripheral catheter use.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Placing the client on their left side in Trendelenburg position (head down, feet up) helps trap any air in the right atrium and prevents it from entering the pulmonary circulation, reducing the risk of an air embolism affecting the lungs.

B. Replacing the infusion system does not address the immediate need to manage an air embolism. The primary intervention is positioning and monitoring.

C. Removing the catheter is not the initial priority. The focus should be on managing the air embolism and ensuring the client is in the correct position.

D. Preparing for chest tube insertion is not appropriate unless there is evidence of a pneumothorax or hemothorax. The immediate concern is managing the air embolism.

A. Deflate the balloons for 5 min every 2 hr to prevent tissue necrosis B. Suction the tube every 2 hr and as needed to maintain patency C. Maintain constant observation while the balloons are inflated D. Keep the head of the bed flat at all times to prevent the development of shock

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Deflating the balloons regularly is not a standard practice and could potentially lead to rebleeding; balloon inflation should be managed carefully as per protocol.
B. Suctioning the tube should be done based on the need for patency, but every 2 hours might not be necessary unless indicated.
C. Maintaining constant observation while the balloons are inflated is crucial to monitor for complications such as esophageal tissue necrosis and to ensure effective hemostasis.
D. The head of the bed should typically be elevated to reduce the risk of aspiration and facilitate breathing, rather than kept flat.

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A nurse is completing discharge planning for a client who has bacterial endocarditis. The client will need to receive 12 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Which of the following venous access devices should the nurse identify as appropriate for the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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