A nurse is completing a health history for a client who is at 6 weeks of gestation. The client informs the nurse that she smokes one pack of cigarettes per day. The nurse should advise the
client that smoking places the client's newborn at risk for which of the following complications?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Hearing loss

Congenital heart defects

Intrauterine growth restriction

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A: Smoking is not directly associated with the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the baby.

Choice B: While smoking during pregnancy can have various effects on the baby's health, hearing loss is not one of the common complications.

Choice C: Although smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects, intrauterine growth restriction is a more likely complication based on the client's smoking history.

Choice D: Smoking during pregnancy is associated with various adverse outcomes for both the mother and the baby. It can cause intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), where the baby does not grow at the expected rate and has a lower birth weight. Smoking reduces blood flow to the placenta, which can affect the baby's growth and development.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A surge of energy: Some women experience a sudden burst of energy, often referred to as a "nesting" instinct, shortly before the onset of labor.
B. Urinary retention: Urinary frequency and urgency are more common before labor, not urinary retention.
C. Decreased vaginal discharge: Before labor, there might be an increase in vaginal discharge, often thick and pinkish, known as the "bloody show."
D. Weight gain of 0.5 to 1.5 kg: Weight gain is not typically associated with the onset of labor.

A. "This is a presumptive sign of pregnancy." B. "This is a positive sign of pregnancy." C. "This is a probable sign of pregnancy." D. "This is a potential sign of pregnancy."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A: Quickening, which refers to the sensation of the baby moving in the womb, is considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy. It is called "presumptive" because it is subjective and can be attributed to other causes, such as gas or gastrointestinal movements.

B: Positive signs of pregnancy are those that are attributed only to the presence of a fetus, such as fetal heartbeat or visualization on ultrasound. Feeling the baby move (quickening) is not specific enough to confirm pregnancy on its own.

C: Probable signs of pregnancy are more objective and can be detected by a healthcare provider, such as a positive pregnancy test or ballottement (rebounding of the fetus against the examiner's fingers). Feeling the baby move is not a probable sign as it is subjective and can be attributed to other factors.

D: "Potential sign of pregnancy" is not a recognized classification in pregnancy signs.

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A nurse is completing a health history for a client who is at 6 weeks of gestation. The client informs the nurse that she smokes one pack of cigarettes per day. The nurse should advise the client that smoking places the client's newborn at risk for which of the following complications?

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Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is A

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A nurse is completing a health history for a client who is at 6 weeks of gestation. The client informs the nurse that she smokes one pack of cigarettes per day. The nurse should advise the
client that smoking places the client's newborn at risk for which of the following complications?