A nurse is collecting data on a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hypertension

Peripheral edema

Oliguria

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypertension:
Hypovolemia is characterized by a decrease in blood volume. This reduction in blood volume usually leads to decreased blood pressure, not hypertension.

B. Peripheral edema:
Edema is more commonly associated with hypervolemia (excess fluid volume) rather than hypovolemia. In hypovolemia, the body is experiencing a deficit of fluids, and edema is not a typical manifestation.

C. Oliguria:
This is the correct answer. Oliguria, or reduced urine output, is a common finding in hypovolemia. When the body is low on fluids, the kidneys try to conserve water by decreasing urine production.

D. Bradycardia:
Hypovolemia often leads to tachycardia (an increased heart rate) as the body attempts to compensate for the decreased blood volume by pumping the existing blood more quickly. Bradycardia is not a typical finding in hypovolemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Assist the client to low Fowler's position:
Placing the client in a semi-upright or low Fowler's position during and after the feeding helps prevent aspiration and facilitates digestion. This position reduces the risk of regurgitation and reflux.

B. Warm the feeding solution to body temperature:
Ensuring the feeding solution is at room temperature or slightly warmer can enhance the client's comfort and reduce the risk of cramping or discomfort caused by cold fluids.

C. Discard any residual gastric contents:
Before initiating a new feeding, it's essential to check and discard any residual gastric contents from the previous feeding to prevent contamination, ensure accurate measurement, and minimize the risk of bacterial growth.

D. Test the pH of gastric aspirate:
Checking the pH of gastric aspirate is an important step to confirm the proper placement of the NG tube in the stomach. Gastric pH is typically acidic (pH less than 5), indicating the correct placement of the tube in the stomach rather than the respiratory tract, where the pH is higher (more alkaline).

A. Proliferation B. Inflammation C. Maturation D. Remodeling phase

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Proliferation Phase:
Explanation: This phase involves the formation of new tissue to fill the wound space. It includes granulation tissue formation and wound contraction.

B. Inflammation Phase:
Explanation: This is the initial phase characterized by hemostasis and inflammation, aimed at stopping bleeding and preventing infection. Blood vessels constrict, platelets aggregate, and inflammatory cells arrive at the wound site.

C. Maturation Phase:
Explanation: Also known as the remodeling phase, it involves the remodeling and realignment of collagen fibers and the strengthening of scar tissue.

D. Remodeling Phase:
Explanation: Remodeling and maturation are often considered together as the final stage of wound healing, where collagen fibers reorganize and gain strength.

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A nurse is collecting data on a client who is experiencing hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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