A nurse is collecting data from a newly admitted client. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to assess the client's abstract thinking ability?
"Who is the current President of the United States?"
"What does the phrase 'butterflies in my stomach' mean?"
"Can you count backward from 20 to 1?"
"Can you draw a clock that shows the hands at 4:30?"
The Correct Answer is B
A. Asking about the current President of the United States assesses the client's orientation to time and place but does not directly assess abstract thinking.
B. Asking what the phrase 'butterflies in my stomach' means assesses the client's ability to
interpret and understand abstract concepts, as it requires the client to interpret a metaphorical expression.
C. Asking the client to count backward from 20 to 1 assesses attention and concentration but does not directly assess abstract thinking.
D. Asking the client to draw a clock that shows the hands at 4:30 assesses cognitive function, spatial orientation, and memory but does not directly assess abstract thinking.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Chest x-ray: Essential for visualizing the heart and lungs, which is critical in a patient with symptoms of heart failure and respiratory issues.
B. Basic metabolic profile (BMP): Important to assess electrolytes, renal function, and glucose levels, especially given the patient's history of diabetes and hypertension.
C. 12-lead ECG: Necessary for evaluating heart rhythm, rate, and to look for any ischemic changes, especially since the patient is experiencing tachycardia.
D. Doppler studies of lower extremities: While useful for assessing peripheral vascular disease, it is not as immediately relevant as the other tests for a direct diagnosis of heart failure.
E. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level: A key diagnostic test for heart failure as elevated levels are indicative of cardiac stress.
F. Echocardiogram: Provides critical information on heart function and structure, which is essential for diagnosing and managing heart failure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hemoglobin (Hgb) level of 20 g/dL is significantly elevated and could indicate polycythemia, which is a common complication of COPD. Polycythemia can lead to increased blood viscosity and thrombotic events, such as stroke or myocardial infarction. Therefore, this finding requires immediate attention and further evaluation.
B. Oxygen saturation of 925% is not physiologically possible and is likely an erroneous reading. However, this extreme value is unlikely to represent a clinically significant issue. It may be a result of equipment malfunction or improper calibration.
C. A productive cough with green sputum is a common symptom in patients with COPD, often indicative of a respiratory infection. While it warrants monitoring and may require treatment, it is not as immediately concerning as other findings.
D. Chest x-ray showing hyperinflation of the lungs is a characteristic finding in COPD and is expected in patients with this condition. While it confirms the diagnosis and may indicate disease severity, it does not represent an acute change that requires immediate intervention.
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