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A nurse is collecting data from a client whose arterial blood gas values reveal a pH of 7.24, PaCO2 of 53, and an HCO3 of 24. The nurse should prepare to treat the client for which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory acidosis - The low pH (acidosis) and elevated PaCO2 suggest respiratory acidosis, which is caused by inadequate ventilation leading to an accumulation of carbon dioxide.

Metabolic acidosis - Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and decreased HCO3.

Respiratory alkalosis - Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and low PaCO2, which is not consistent with the provided arterial blood gas values.

Metabolic alkalosis - Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and increased HCO3, which does not align with the given values.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a. Prothrombin time (PT): Warfarin affects the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, and PT is the primary diagnostic test used to monitor the therapeutic effect of warfarin. It measures

the time it takes for blood to clot.

b. Platelet count: Platelet count assesses the number of platelets in the blood and is not specifically used to monitor the effect of warfarin.

c. White blood cell count (WBC): WBC count assesses the number of white blood cells and is not specifically used to monitor the effect of warfarin.

d. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT): While aPTT is a valuable test for monitoring the therapeutic effect of heparin, it is not the primary test for warfarin. Warfarin primarily affects the extrinsic pathway, and PT is more appropriate for monitoring its effects.

A. Droplet precautions B. Airborne precautions C. Standard precautions D. Contact precautions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a. Droplet precautions: Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by

respiratory droplets, such as influenza or pneumonia. HIV is not transmitted through respiratory droplets.

b. Airborne precautions: Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through the airborne route, such as tuberculosis. HIV is not transmitted through the airborne route.

c. Standard precautions: Standard precautions are used for the care of all patients, regardless of their diagnosis. These precautions include hand hygiene, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) as needed, and safe injection practices.

d. Contact precautions: Contact precautions are used for diseases that are spread by direct or indirect contact, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). HIV is not

transmitted through contact with intact skin.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client whose arterial blood gas values reveal a pH of 7.24, PaCO2 of 53, and an HCO3 of 24. The nurse should prepare to treat the client for which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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