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A nurse is collecting data from a client whose arterial blood gas values reveal a pH of 7.24, PaCO2 of 53, and an HCO3 of 24. The nurse should prepare to treat the client for which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory acidosis - The low pH (acidosis) and elevated PaCO2 suggest respiratory acidosis, which is caused by inadequate ventilation leading to an accumulation of carbon dioxide.

Metabolic acidosis - Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and decreased HCO3.

Respiratory alkalosis - Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and low PaCO2, which is not consistent with the provided arterial blood gas values.

Metabolic alkalosis - Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and increased HCO3, which does not align with the given values.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a. Three to seven days after menses stops: Performing BSE a few days after menstruation allows the breasts to return to a more baseline state, reducing the influence of hormonal changes on

breast tissue.

b. On the same day every month: Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle can affect breast tissue, and performing BSE on the same day every month may not provide consistent conditions for examination.

c. Prior to the beginning of menses: Hormonal changes before menstruation can lead to breast tenderness and changes, potentially affecting the accuracy of the examination.

d. On the second day of menstruation: Hormonal changes and potential breast tenderness during the early days of menstruation may not be the optimal time for BSE.

A. Increasing dyspnea B. Dry cough C. Facial flushing D. Decreasing respiratory rate

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a. Increasing dyspnea: Atelectasis is the collapse of alveoli, leading to decreased lung volume and impaired gas exchange. Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is a common symptom as the lung's ability to oxygenate the blood is compromised.

b. Dry cough: A dry cough may be present, but it is not specific to atelectasis. It can occur for various reasons postoperatively.

c. Facial flushing: Facial flushing is not a typical finding in atelectasis. It is more commonly associated with conditions such as fever or allergic reactions.

d. Decreasing respiratory rate: Atelectasis can lead to increased respiratory rate as the body tries to compensate for decreased lung function. A decreasing respiratory rate would be less likely in the presence of atelectasis.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client whose arterial blood gas values reveal a pH of 7.24, PaCO2 of 53, and an HCO3 of 24. The nurse should prepare to treat the client for which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

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