A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Cushing’s syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Weight loss
Diaphoresis
Hyperpigmentation
Hypotension
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Weight loss is not a symptom of Cushing’s syndrome. On the contrary, weight gain and obesity are common signs of this condition, especially in the trunk, face and upper back1.
Choice B reason: Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, is not a symptom of Cushing’s syndrome. It can be caused by other conditions, such as hyperthyroidism, menopause or anxiety.
Choice C reason: Hyperpigmentation, or darkening of the skin, is a symptom of Cushing’s syndrome. It occurs due to increased production of melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin. Hyperpigmentation can affect any part of the body, but it is more noticeable in areas exposed to friction or pressure, such as the elbows, knees, knuckles and armpits.
Choice D reason: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a symptom of Cushing’s syndrome. In fact, high blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the common symptoms of this condition, due to the effects of cortisol on the cardiovascular system.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A: “I put lotion between my toes.” This is incorrect because putting lotion between the toes can create a moist environment that promotes fungal growth and infection. The client should apply lotion to the tops and botoms of the feet, but avoid the areas between the toes.
Choice B: “I check my feet every day for sores and bruises.” This is correct because checking the feet every day for any signs of injury, infection, or ulceration is an important part of foot care for a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client should also report any problems to the provider and seek prompt treatment.
Choice C: “I wear sandals in warm weather.” This is incorrect because wearing sandals can expose the feet to injury, sunburn, or insect bites. The client should wear closed-toe shoes that fit well and protect the feet from trauma and environmental hazards.
Choice D: “I soak my feet in warm, soapy water every night before I go to bed.” This is incorrect because soaking the feet can cause maceration of the skin and increase the risk of infection. The client should wash the feet with mild soap and warm water, but not soak them. The client should also dry the feet thoroughly, especially between the toes.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Injecting insulin into a muscle that is going to be exercised can increase the absorption of insulin and lower the blood glucose level, leading to hypoglycemia. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid injecting insulin into the same body part that will be involved in the exercise.
Choice B reason: Carrying a complex carbohydrate snack with you when you exercise is not a good idea. Complex carbohydrates take longer to digest and raise the blood glucose level slowly. They are not suitable for treating or preventing hypoglycemia during or after exercise. A simple carbohydrate snack, such as glucose tablets, juice or candy, is more appropriate for this purpose.
Choice C reason: Exercising first thing in the morning before eating breakfast is not recommended for people with type 1 diabetes. This can cause a drop in blood glucose level and increase the risk of hypoglycemia. It is beter to have a balanced breakfast that includes some carbohydrates and adjust the insulin dose accordingly before exercising.
Choice D reason: Increasing the intensity of your exercise routine if your urine is positive for ketones is a dangerous practice. Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat for energy due to lack of insulin or glucose. High levels of ketones can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition that requires urgent medical atention. Intense exercise can raise the blood glucose level further and worsen the situation. If your urine is positive for ketones, you should avoid vigorous activity and check your blood glucose and ketone levels frequently.
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