A nurse is collecting data from a client who has AIDS. The nurse notes that the client has multiple, widespread purplish-brown skin lesions. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following types of skin lesions?

Actinic keratosis

Kaposi's sarcoma

Actinic dermatitis

Basal cell carcinoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Actinic keratosis is a rough, scaly patch on the skin caused by long-term sun exposure. It is usually not purplish-brown and is more common in fair-skinned individuals. These lesions are considered pre-cancerous and can develop into squamous cell carcinoma if left untreated. The description of purplish-brown lesions in the context of an AIDS diagnosis is more indicative of Kaposi's sarcoma.

Choice B reason: Kaposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer that forms in the lining of blood and lymph vessels. It often presents as purplish-brown, red, or bluish lesions on the skin or mucous membranes and is commonly associated with AIDS. The multiple, widespread nature of the lesions described aligns with the typical presentation of Kaposi's sarcoma, making it the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.

Choice C reason: Actinic dermatitis, also known as photodermatitis, is an inflammatory reaction of the skin to sunlight. It does not typically present as purplish-brown lesions. This condition manifests as redness, swelling, and possibly blistering in sun-exposed areas. The description given is not consistent with actinic dermatitis and points more towards Kaposi's sarcoma in an AIDS client.

Choice D reason: Basal cell carcinoma does not usually present with multiple, widespread purplish-brown lesions. It is typically a localized lesion that appears as a pearly or waxy bump. The description of multiple, widespread lesions is more characteristic of Kaposi's sarcoma in clients with AIDS, making basal cell carcinoma an unlikely diagnosis in this context.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: The correct answer is a because orange juice is high in potassium and should be avoided by clients with chronic kidney disease to prevent hyperkalemia, which can lead to serious cardiac complications.

Choice B reason: The correct answer is b because watermelon, although refreshing, is high in potassium and should be limited or avoided by clients with chronic kidney disease to maintain safe potassium levels.

Choice C reason: The correct answer is c because bananas are well-known for their high potassium content and should be avoided by clients with chronic kidney disease to prevent elevated potassium levels in the blood.

Choice D reason: Corn flakes cereal is generally low in potassium and is not a food that needs to be avoided in clients with chronic kidney disease. It can be included in their diet in moderation.

Choice E reason: White rice is also low in potassium and can be safely consumed by clients with chronic kidney disease. It does not pose a significant risk of increasing potassium levels.

A. Place tissue soiled with respiratory secretions in a paper bag for later disposal. B. Provide samples for sputum cultures every 6 weeks. C. Consume alcohol in moderation while taking antituberculosis medications. D. Wear a mask while out or around crowds of people.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Placing tissue soiled with respiratory secretions in a paper bag for later disposal is not an appropriate infection control measure. Used tissues should be disposed of immediately in a proper waste receptacle to prevent the spread of tuberculosis bacteria.

Choice B reason: Sputum cultures should be provided more frequently than every 6 weeks to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment and to confirm when the client is no longer infectious. Monthly cultures are typically recommended until the patient shows no signs of active infection.

Choice C reason: Consuming alcohol in moderation while taking antituberculosis medications is not advised. Alcohol can interfere with the effectiveness of the medications and may also exacerbate potential side effects, such as liver toxicity, especially with medications like isoniazid and rifampin.

Choice D reason: The correct answer is d because wearing a mask while out or around crowds of people helps prevent the spread of tuberculosis. TB is an airborne disease, and wearing a mask reduces the risk of transmitting the infection to others.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has AIDS. The nurse notes that the client has multiple, widespread purplish-brown skin lesions. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following types of skin lesions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing nutrition teaching for a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to review discharge instructions with a client who has pulmonary tuberculosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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