A nurse is reviewing nutrition therapy with a client who has Cushing's disease. Which of the following dietary modifications should the nurse include in this discussion?
Limit potassium-rich foods in the diet.
Decrease sodium intake.
Increase calorie intake.
Consume more calories from carbohydrates than protein.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Cushing's disease often causes hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, due to increased aldosterone production. Therefore, limiting potassium-rich foods is not advisable; rather, patients may need to increase their potassium intake to maintain electrolyte balance.
Choice B reason: The correct answer is b because Cushing's disease leads to sodium retention and fluid retention, causing hypertension and edema. Decreasing sodium intake helps manage these symptoms by reducing fluid retention and controlling blood pressure.
Choice C reason: Increasing calorie intake is not recommended for clients with Cushing's disease. The condition often leads to weight gain and increased adipose tissue, so a balanced diet with controlled calorie intake is more appropriate.
Choice D reason: Consuming more calories from carbohydrates than protein is not a specific recommendation for Cushing's disease. A balanced diet with adequate protein is important for maintaining muscle mass and supporting overall health, especially since Cushing's disease can cause muscle weakness and loss of muscle mass.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Positioning the client supine may increase intracranial pressure. The client should be positioned with the head of the bed elevated to promote drainage and reduce pressure.
Choice B reason: The correct answer is b because changing the nasal drip pad as needed helps monitor for excessive drainage, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and infection following pituitary gland removal.
Choice C reason: Frequent brushing of teeth should be avoided initially to prevent disruption of the surgical site and decrease the risk of infection. Gentle oral hygiene can be encouraged instead.
Choice D reason: Encouraging the client to cough every 2 hours can increase intracranial pressure and is not recommended following pituitary gland surgery. Deep breathing exercises without coughing are more appropriate.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: The correct answer is a because hyperkalemia, or high serum potassium levels, often leads to peaked T waves on an ECG. A reduction of T wave amplitude indicates that potassium levels are decreasing and the medication is effective.
Choice B reason: P wave duration is not typically affected by hyperkalemia. Changes in the P wave are more commonly associated with atrial abnormalities, not electrolyte imbalances.
Choice C reason: Widening of the QRS complex is a sign of severe hyperkalemia and indicates worsening of the condition. The goal of treatment is to prevent such changes, not to observe them as an indication of effectiveness.
Choice D reason: Restoration of QRS complex amplitude is not a specific indicator of hyperkalemia or its treatment. The focus should be on changes in the T wave and other signs of electrolyte normalization.
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