A nurse is collecting data from a client about risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a modifiable risk factor?

Family history of cardiovascular disease

Cholesterol 240 mg/dL

Sex

Age 65

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Family history of cardiovascular disease: This is a non-modifiable risk factor. Family history can increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease, but it cannot be changed.

B. Cholesterol 240 mg/dL: This is a modifiable risk factor. High cholesterol levels, particularly above 200 mg/dL, increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and they can be managed through lifestyle changes, diet, and medication.

C. Sex: This is a non-modifiable risk factor. Men are generally at higher risk for cardiovascular disease at a younger age, while the risk increases for women after menopause.

D. Age 65: This is a non-modifiable risk factor. As people age, their risk for cardiovascular disease increases.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Heart rhythm: This is correct. Hypothermia, indicated by a body temperature of 32.5°C (90.5°F), can affect the cardiovascular system, potentially causing arrhythmias or even cardiac arrest. Monitoring heart rhythm is critical because of the risk of life-threatening cardiac complications associated with severe hypothermia.

B. Urinary output: While urinary output may decrease in hypothermic conditions due to vasoconstriction, it is not the priority. Cardiac function takes precedence, as severe hypothermia can lead to fatal arrhythmias.

C. Pain sensation: Although decreased pain sensation can occur in hypothermia, it is less urgent to monitor compared to the potential for life-threatening arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.

D. Muscle strength: While hypothermia can impair muscle strength, it is not the priority compared to monitoring for cardiac irregularities, which can be fatal if left unchecked.

A. "Eat 40 milligrams of protein-rich foods per day." B. "Increase your dietary intake by 500 calories per day." C. "Consume 600 micrograms of folic acid per day." D. "Limit your caffeine intake to 700 milligrams per day."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Eat 40 milligrams of protein-rich foods per day.": Protein intake is important during pregnancy, but 40 milligrams is an unusually low amount. The recommended amount is generally higher, around 71 grams of protein per day during pregnancy.

B. "Increase your dietary intake by 500 calories per day.": The general recommendation for calorie increase during pregnancy is about 300 calories per day, not 500. 500 calories per day may be recommended in specific situations, but it is not the typical guideline.

C. "Consume 600 micrograms of folic acid per day.": This is the correct recommendation. The CDC and other health guidelines recommend that pregnant individuals consume 400-600 micrograms of folic acid daily to prevent neural tube defects.

D. "Limit your caffeine intake to 700 milligrams per day.": Caffeine intake should generally be limited to around 200-300 milligrams per day during pregnancy, not 700 milligrams, as high caffeine intake can have adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client about risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings is a modifiable risk factor?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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