A nurse is collecting data for a health history from a client who has antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following clinical findings is associated with this disorder?

Excessively anxious

Exploitive of others

Withdrawn behaviors

Blunted affect

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   This is not typically associated with antisocial personality disorder. People with ASPD often exhibit a lack of remorse and guilt, and they may be prone to impulsive and risk-taking behaviors rather than excessive anxiety.
B.   Exploitation of others is a hallmark feature of antisocial personality disorder. Individuals with ASPD may manipulate, exploit, or deceive others for personal gain without regard for others' feelings or rights.
C.   Withdrawn behaviors, where individuals tend to isolate themselves or avoid social interactions, are not characteristic of antisocial personality disorder. In fact, individuals with ASPD tend to be socially charming and may seek out social situations to manipulate or exploit others.
D.   Blunted affect refers to a reduced emotional expression, which is not typically a prominent feature of antisocial personality disorder. Individuals with ASPD may exhibit superficial charm and can be engaging, although they may lack empathy or genuine emotional responsiveness.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Reaction formation is a defense mechanism where an individual expresses feelings or impulses that are the opposite of their anxiety-provoking unconscious feelings. For example, someone who harbors unconscious aggressive feelings might demonstrate exaggerated friendliness. However, this defense mechanism is more about behaviors and attitudes rather than physical manifestations.
B. Somatization is the conversion of psychological distress into physical symptoms. It involves experiencing physical symptoms, such as pain or illness, without a clear medical cause. This defense mechanism is common in individuals with anxiety disorders who may manifest their anxiety through physical complaints rather than acknowledging their emotional distress.
C. Sublimation involves channeling unacceptable impulses or emotions into socially acceptable behaviors. It does not typically involve physical manifestations but rather a redirection of emotions or impulses into constructive activities. For example, someone with aggressive impulses might channel them into sports or artistic pursuits.
D. Intellectualization is a defense mechanism where reasoning and logic are used to distance oneself from uncomfortable or threatening feelings. It involves focusing on facts and avoiding emotions associated with a situation. This mechanism is more cognitive and may involve discussing or analyzing anxiety-inducing situations in a detached, rational manner.

A. "Bulimia nervosa is difficult to notice because a person might be of average or ideal body weight." B. "People who have bulimia nervosa eat an average amount of food on a daily basis." C. "People who have bulimia nervosa are at risk for developing diabetes mellitus." D. "As long as a person is not vomiting after eating, they do not have bulimia nervosa."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Unlike anorexia nervosa, where individuals typically appear underweight, people with bulimia nervosa often maintain a body weight within the normal or even overweight range. This can make it challenging to identify based on physical appearance alone, as individuals may hide their binge-eating and purging behaviors.
B. Individuals with bulimia nervosa often engage in episodes of binge-eating, during which they consume large amounts of food in a short period and feel a loss of control over their eating. This is followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives or diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise to prevent weight gain.
C. Bulimia nervosa does not directly increase the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. However, the binge-eating episodes characteristic of bulimia can lead to metabolic disturbances and insulin resistance over time. This can potentially increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in individuals who are predisposed or have other risk factors.
D. While self-induced vomiting is a common purging method in bulimia nervosa, there are other ways individuals may attempt to compensate for binge-eating episodes, such as excessive exercise, fasting, or misuse of laxatives or diuretics. The key diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa include recurrent episodes of binge-eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain.

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A nurse is collecting data for a health history from a client who has antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following clinical findings is associated with this disorder?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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