A nurse is collecting data from a client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Lanugo

Cold extremities

Hypotension

Tooth erosion

Diarrhea

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E

A.   Lanugo refers to fine, soft hair that can develop on the face, back, and other parts of the body in response to malnutrition and low body fat. It is a compensatory mechanism to help regulate body temperature in individuals with severe weight loss, including those with anorexia nervosa. Therefore, the nurse should expect to find lanugo in a client with anorexia nervosa.
B.   Cold extremities are a common finding in individuals with anorexia nervosa due to reduced body fat and poor circulation. The body's natural response to conserve heat is impaired when body fat is extremely low. Therefore, cold extremities are expected in clients with anorexia nervosa.
C.   Hypotension, or low blood pressure, can occur in individuals with anorexia nervosa due to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances (such as low potassium levels), and reduced cardiac output. These conditions are often associated with severe malnutrition and can lead to cardiovascular complications. Therefore, hypotension is a potential finding in clients with anorexia nervosa.
D.   Tooth erosion can result from frequent vomiting, which is a behavior sometimes seen in individuals with anorexia nervosa, particularly those with purging subtype (anorexia nervosa binge-eating/purging type). Stomach acid from vomiting can damage tooth enamel over time, leading to tooth erosion. Therefore, the nurse should expect to find tooth erosion in clients who engage in purging behaviors.
E.   Diarrhea is less commonly associated with anorexia nervosa. Individuals with anorexia nervosa typically have reduced food intake, which can lead to constipation rather than diarrhea. However, in some cases, diarrhea can occur due to malnutrition-related changes in bowel function. It is not a consistent finding but can occasionally be observed.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication used to treat conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. It is not indicated for smoking cessation and does not have any direct effect on nicotine withdrawal or cravings. Therefore, it would not be included in discussions about smoking cessation medications.
B. Bupropion is a medication that is FDA-approved for smoking cessation. It works by reducing nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It is available in sustained-release formulations specifically marketed for smoking cessation under the brand name Zyban. Bupropion can be effective in helping individuals quit smoking and is often recommended as a first-line treatment.
C. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic medication used primarily to treat conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. It does not have any specific indication or role in smoking cessation. Therefore, it would not typically be included in discussions about medications for quitting smoking.
D. Quetiapine is another antipsychotic medication used to treat conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Similar to aripiprazole and risperidone, it does not have any direct role in smoking cessation. It is not indicated for reducing nicotine cravings or aiding in smoking cessation efforts.

A. Incoordination B. Polyuria C. Nausea D. Convulsions E. Confusion

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Incoordination, such as clumsiness or difficulty walking, can be an early sign of lithium toxicity. It reflects the neurological effects of elevated lithium levels on motor coordination.
B. Polyuria (excessive urination) is a common late symptom of lithium toxicity. Lithium interferes with the kidney's ability to concentrate urine, leading to increased urine output.
C. Nausea is a gastrointestinal symptom that can occur in the early stages of lithium toxicity. It is often accompanied by other gastrointestinal disturbances such as vomiting and diarrhea.
D. Convulsions (seizures) are not typically considered early manifestations of lithium toxicity but rather indicate severe toxicity. Seizures can occur at higher levels of lithium toxicity and require immediate medical intervention.
E. Confusion is another early sign of lithium toxicity. It reflects the impact of elevated lithium levels on the central nervous system, leading to cognitive impairment and altered mental status.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

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