A nurse is caring for a client who has depression and reports only sleeping a few hours each night. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client to promote sleep?

A. Consuming alcohol close to bedtime can disrupt sleep patterns. While alcohol may initially induce drowsiness, it often leads to fragmented and poor-quality sleep later in the night. Therefore, advising the client to drink alcohol before bedtime is not recommended.
B. Taking long or late-afternoon naps can interfere with nighttime sleep patterns, especially for individuals experiencing insomnia or sleep disturbances related to depression. Napping can make it harder to fall asleep or stay asleep at night, thereby exacerbating sleep problems rather than improving them.
C. Eating a large or heavy meal just before bedtime can lead to discomfort, indigestion, and even heartburn, which can interfere with falling asleep and staying asleep. It's generally advisable to avoid heavy meals close to bedtime to promote better sleep quality.
D. Caffeine is a stimulant that can interfere with sleep. Consuming caffeinated beverages, especially in the afternoon or evening, can make it difficult for individuals with depression to fall asleep and can contribute to fragmented sleep. Limiting caffeine intake earlier in the day can help promote better sleep hygiene.

A. Role-playing is a useful technique to teach and reinforce new behaviors by allowing the child to practice appropriate responses in simulated situations. While role-playing can be beneficial, it is not specifically related to redirection technique. Redirection involves diverting a child's attention or behavior away from inappropriate or disruptive actions towards more acceptable behaviors.
B. Moving closer to a child who is agitated can be a strategy to provide physical proximity and support, especially to prevent escalation of behavior or to intervene if necessary. However, it is not directly related to redirection technique.
C. Ignoring attention-seeking behaviors is a common behavior management strategy aimed at reducing reinforcement of undesirable behaviors. While ignoring can be effective in some situations, it is not specifically redirection technique.
D. This statement correctly reflects the redirection technique. Redirection involves redirecting the child's focus or behavior from negative or inappropriate actions towards positive and appropriate activities or tasks. By re-engaging the child in an appropriate activity, the parent can effectively redirect their attention and energy, potentially preventing or diffusing disruptive behaviors.